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2019 Vol. 16, No. 6 Published: 2019-02-25

	4	Experimental study on the effect of N-acetylcysteine on H9C2 cardiomyocyte injury induced by high-fat and high-glucose combined with hypoxia/reoxygenation
		LI Yuan XIA Zhongyuan
		Objective To investigate the effect of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on H9C2 cardiomyocyte injury induced by high-fat and high-glucose combined with hypoxia/reoxygenation and its effect on the expression of clock gene BMAL1. Methods H9C2 cells were divided into control group (N group), high-fat and high-glucose combined with hypoxia/reoxygenation group (HFHG+H/R group), high-fat and high-glucose combined with hypoxia/reoxygenation +NAC group (HFHG+H/R+NAC group). Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 method, cell apoptosis was detected by the flow cytometry, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was observed by DCFH-DA staining, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by JC-1 staining, and the expression level of BMAL1 was determined by Western blot. Results Compared with N group, the cell viability of HFHG+H/R group was significantly lower (P ＜ 0.01), the apoptosis rate and ROS level were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.01), while the expression level of BMAL1 was significantly reduced (P ＜ 0.01). After NAC treatment, the changes of indicators above in the HFHG+H/R+NAC group were significantly reduced, the differences were highly statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01). MMP in the HFHG+H/R group was significantly lower than that in the N group. After NAC treatment, MMP of HFHG+H/R+NAC group was significantly increased. Conclusion NAC may reduce the oxidative stress level of cardiomyocytes and promote the expression level of clock gene BMAL1, thereby reducing cardiomyocyte damage induced by high-fat and high-glucose combined with hypoxia/reoxygenation.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 4-7 [Abstract] ( 203 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (724 KB) ( 98 )

	8	Effect of CYP2C19 gene polymorphism on incidence of adverse drug reactions in Voriconazole
		LI Yi1 ZHANG Lei2 FENG Xiaojun2 WANG Ya′nan1 SHEN Aizong2 LIU Sheng1,2
		Objective To investigate the correlation between CYP2C19 gene polymorphism associated with Voriconazole metabolism and the incidence of adverse reactions, so as to provide reference for clinical individualized administration. Methods A total of 1935 patients with CYP2C19 gene test in Anhui Provincial Hospital from January 2017 to March 2018 were selected, and the proportion of genotypes was analyzed; whether or not Voriconazole was used and whether there were adverse reactions were judged by medical record inquiry, and the incidence of adverse reactions after using Voriconazole in patients with different genotypes was analyzed. Results The incidence of CYP2C19 fast (1/1), medium (1/2, 1/3) and slow metabolism (2/2, 2/3 and 3/3) in 1935 patients were 46.05%, 41.34% and 12.61%, respectively. Voriconazole was used in only 16 of 1935 patients. The rates of adverse reactions in fast (1/1), moderate (1/2, 1/3), slow(2/2, 2/3) metabolic patients were 20% and 45% respectively. Conclusion CYP2C19 gene polymorphism is correlated with the incidence of adverse drug reactions of Voriconazole, which has important guiding significance for individualized drug use in patients.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 8-11 [Abstract] ( 291 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (613 KB) ( 114 )

	12	Study on the preventive mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in Alzheimer′s disease based on network pharmacology
		WANG Baiyun1 LIU Guoliang2 PIAO Chengyu3 CHEN Qiaoyun2 CHEN Jinghua2 XUE Hui2 LIU Bin2
		Objective To predict and discover the target of Buyang Huanwu Decoction in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer′s disease (AD) and explore the synergistic mechanism of multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway. Methods According to the composition of Buyang Huanwu Decoction, the in vivo target of Buyang Huanwu Decoction was predicted by multiple network pharmacology methods. The target of anti-AD drug was selected by BATMAN-TCM and other databases. Finally, the components of Buyang Huanwu Decoction were constructed by Cycaptose software for target path network. Results The active components of Buyang Huanwu Decoction were involved in many targets directly related to Alzheimer′s disease, such as apolipoprotein E (APOE). At the same time, it involves many metabolic pathways, such as glycerol phospholipid metabolism, cholinergic synapses, cholesterol metabolism, Alzheimer′s disease pathway and so on. Conclusion Buyang Huanwu Decoction mainly works through multi-component synergy, such as 1-hexadecence regulates apoliporotein E indirectly to regulate the formation of hydrophobic amyloid β (Aβ), the inhibition of safranal on acetylcholinesterase and butyrocholinesterase, thus delaying the occurrence and development of AD.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 12-15 [Abstract] ( 191 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (589 KB) ( 221 )

	16	Experimental study on the effect of different cryopreservation time on human fat granule
		WEI Guoqian1* GU Luosha2* WU Mingzheng3 BAI Jie1 GU Jinsong1▲ YU Jiang1 YAN Runhu1 ZHANG Yi1
		Objective To explore the effect of different cryopreservation time on human adipose cell vitality, and seek a more satisfactory granular fat cryopreservation time, to provide a theoretical reference for autologous fat transplantation in clinic. Methods The fat granule samples from interior thigh of 41 healthy women (20-40 years old) that underwent conventional liposuction were collected in Guangmei Medical Plastic and Cosmetic Outpatient Department from June to October 2016. All fat granule samples were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen freezer of -196℃ after washed twice by physiological saline and placed quiescently to isolate them from the physiological saline and then an equal volume of freezing protection liquid was added into the fat granule samples. The samples that had been stored for 3 months (group A) and 6 months (group B) were selected to test the activity of frozen fat after thawed. The morphology and the death cell percentage of cryopreserved granule fat cells was observed and calculated respectively by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and trypan-blue staining. The creatine kinase level was tested to calculate fat cell enzyme vitality. The CD105 on adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) was detected by immunohistochemical methods to compare the effect of different cryopreservation time on the fat cell activity in vitro. Results Fat cell count analysis on the survival rate of fat cells and the determination of creatine kinase showed no statistically significant differences in the fat cell survival rates between group A and group B under the same cryopreservation temperature (P ＞ 0.05). The comparative observation of the fat cell morphology by HE staining under the microscope showed that all cell membranes keep well in the two groups. Immunohistochemical staining of CD105 showed that there were only a few of ADSCs in group A. Conclusion Cryopreservation of human granular adipose tissue with liquid nitrogen is safety and effective. The fat cells can be cryopreserved at -196℃ for 6 months or even longer time, and this cryopreserved temperature is ideal.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 16-19 [Abstract] ( 194 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (596 KB) ( 118 )

	20	Research progress on the protective mechanism of curcumin on renal ischemia reperfusion injury
		ZHOU Xiaoyuan1 RONG Song2 TIAN Mei1▲
		Curcumin is a yellow acid phenolic substance extracted from Rhizoma Curcumae longae and widely used in the food industry. The kidney acts as an endocrine organ and is also a high perfusion organ, particularly sensitive to ischemia and reperfusion. When the kidney develops ischemia-reperfusion, a large amount of reactive oxygen species is produced in the later stage of ischemia-reperfusion, which causes the kidney to be in a state of high oxidative stress and triggers a series of harmful cellular reactions, leading to inflammation, apoptosis and acute kidney failure, and even can cause damage to other organs. Curcumin can up-regulate the expression of APPL1, inhibit the Akt phosphorylation pathway, inhibit the activated INOS/NO/CGMP/PKG signaling pathway, alleviate oxidative stress, inhibit inflammatory cell infiltration, up-regulate HO-1, and inhibit NF-κB activity, reduce the incidence of vasoactive substances and reduce renal damage caused by renal ischemia and reperfusion. Therefore, curcumin can be used as a new treatment method for renal ischemia-reperfusion.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 20-23,27 [Abstract] ( 256 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (581 KB) ( 134 )

	24	Application of diffusion tensor imaging in the diagnosis of early osteoarthritis
		LI Mingkai1 YU Jinghong2
		Osteoarthritis is a clinical common disease, its early diagnosis is effectively prevent and delay the osteoarthritis (OA) is the key to progress, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a safe, noninvasive examination method, stimulated by a magnetic field energy release of the hydrogen proton relaxation to Imaging, a comprehensive display of articular cartilage morphology and signal change, is an important means of articular cartilage to check. Along with the development of MRI technology, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) will be applied to evaluate the early OA quantitatively by reflecting the changes in the endogenous components of cartilage, so as to make it possible to prevent OA and reduce the long-term health burden. This article reviews the application of DTI in the early diagnosis of OA.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 24-27 [Abstract] ( 166 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (557 KB) ( 89 )

	28	Psychological intervention strategies for alcohol dependence
		YI Bogang1 HUANG Ziwei2 ZHANG Hui2
		Alcohol dependence refers to the time and amount of alcohol consumption exceeding a certain extent, which makes the drinker unable to control his drinking behavior, and has the symptoms of somatization and abstinence. Psychological intervention is of great significance to the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with alcohol dependence. This paper reviews the research and progress of psychological intervention in alcohol dependence population at home and abroad in recent years. Based on the perspectives of individuals, couples, social environment and groups, it summarizes the mature psychological intervention strategies such as cognitive behavioral therapy, short-term dynamic therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, group psychotherapy, multi-model or comprehensive psychotherapy, in order to provide reference for clinical practice of alcohol dependence.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 28-31 [Abstract] ( 228 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (584 KB) ( 111 )

	32	Research progress in the treatment of Pauwels type Ⅲ femoral neck fracture
		QIN Yuepeng1 SONG Ying1 HOU Hongtao2
		Femoral neck fracture is a common type of fracture in clinic. According to the angle between the fracture line and the anterior superior iliac spine, it can be divided into three types. Among them, Pauwels type Ⅲ femoral neck fracture has special mechanical characteristics and bears huge shear stress. The incidence of various complications after operation is high, and it is a refractory type of femoral neck fracture. The commonly used surgical methods for Pauwels type Ⅲ femoral neck fracture are mainly divided into four types: hollow nails, nail plate system, bone flap transplantation and joint replacement. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, among which hollow nail internal fixation is a common method for the treatment of femoral neck fracture, but its stability is not as good as nail-plate system; nail-plate system can achieve strong fixation, but the trauma is relatively large; bone flap transplantation reduces the incidence of two major complications after surgery, but the operation is difficult and the technical requirements are high; joint replacement is suitable for elderly patients, fundamentally, and some complications of femoral neck fracture were eliminated, but complications of joint replacement were brought.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 32-35 [Abstract] ( 179 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (555 KB) ( 160 )

	36	Research progress on mechanism of cardiovascular ectopic calcification
		ZHAO Lei LIU Xueyuan DENG Zexi HE Jie
		Cardiovascular ectopic calcification is a pathological change closely related to clinical events and an independent risk factor of malignant cardiovascular events, its occurrence and development is an active and complex process similar to bone remodeling, including the participation of vascular smooth muscle, interstitial cell, stroma cell, the adjustment of varieties of cytokines, medium and eccrine factors, and the combined action of multiple factors, such as the intervention of fatty acid metabolism and inflammatory reaction. It has great significance of understanding its pathogenesis for preventing and stopping its progress, maintaining elderly life health, and decreasing the mortality rate of the elderly people.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 36-39 [Abstract] ( 185 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (546 KB) ( 180 )

	40	Analysis on the composition, satisfaction and related factors of outpatient visits with different registration methods
		ZHU Yanping1 ZHU Xiaobo1▲ WANG Zhe2
		Objective To analyze the composition, satisfaction and related factors of outpatient registration with different registration methods. Methods From January 2017 to January 2018, 9874 outpatients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University ("our hospital" for short) were investigated and analyzed. According to the different registration methods, they were divided into window payment registration patients and network reservation registration patients. The satisfaction evaluation between different registration methods was compared. Logistic regression analysis equation was used to calculate and analyze the related factors affecting patients′satisfaction. Results Of the 9860 questionnaires recovered, 5065 were registered by the window, accounted for 51.37%. There were 4795 cases of network reservation registration, accounted for 48.63%. The total satisfaction rate of outpatient registration was 83.63% (8246/9860). The total satisfaction rate of window payment registration (69.60%) was significantly lower than that of network reservation registration (98.46%). The treatment process, experience, environment, overall evaluation, doctor-patient relationship and overall satisfaction evaluation of the window payment registration patients were lower than those of the network reservation registration patients, the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). There were significant differences in residence, educational level, economic income, whether there were fixed doctors, registered departments, visiting times, waiting time between the patients with satisfactory registration and those with unsatisfactory registration (P ＜ 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that residence, educational level, economic income, whether there were fixed doctors, registered departments, visits times, waiting time were the main factors affecting the satisfaction evaluation of outpatient registered patients (P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion Promoting the registration method of network reservation is helpful to improve the satisfaction evaluation of outpatients. At the same time, in practice, we should pay more attention to the patients with lower educational level, higher economic income, first visit, and from other places, so as to shorten the waiting time of patients as much as possible.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 40-44 [Abstract] ( 194 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (452 KB) ( 138 )

	45	A multicenter case-control study on the association between five categories of common fruits and bladder cancer
		LING Qi1 WU Yongding2 QIN Guoqiang3
		Objective To study the relationship between five kinds of fruits and the incidence of bladder cancer. Methods A multicenter case-control study was conducted from September 2005 to June 2012. Four hundred and thirty-two cases of bladder cancer and 392 cases of non bladder cancer were recruited in Guangzhou First People′s Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Central South University, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University. Patients with bladder cancer were classified as experimental group, and non bladder cancer patients were classified as control group. Patients of two groups were investigated and data was collected for statistical analysis. Results The response rate and the effective rate of questionnaire of the experimental group were 99.1% and 100.0%, and those of the control group were 99.5% and 100.0% respectively. Eating citrus fruits more than or equal to 2 times per week could significantly reduce the risk of bladder cancer(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Eating more citrus fruits may help reduce the risk of bladder cancer.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 45-48 [Abstract] ( 220 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (411 KB) ( 91 )

	49	Clinical characteristics of patients with diabetes mellitus combined with hashimoto thyroiditis and effects of thyroid autoimmunity on islet function
		FANG Yuan ZHANG Yuanyuan YUAN Shasha YU Caiguo ZHANG Baoyu YANG Longyan▲
		Objective To investigate the clinical features of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with hashimoto thyroiditis and the effects of thyroid autoimmune status on islet function in T2DM. Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted on 758 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from August 2015 to December 2016. General data such as gender and age, as well as related indicators such as thyroid function, biochemistry and islet function, were collected. Patients were divided into type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with hashimoto thyroiditis group and type 2 diabetes mellitus group according to the levels of antibody A-TPO, A-TG associated with hashimoto thyroiditis, and the differences in clinical characteristics between the two groups were compared. The patients were further divided into the group with low C-peptide level and the group with high C-peptide level. Univariate analysis was performed to identify the factors that might affect the C-peptide level, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to verify that hashimoto thyroiditis was an independent risk factor for islet dysfunction. Results There were 227 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with hashimoto thyroiditis and 531 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus only. Compared with the simple type 2 diabetes group, the diastolic blood pressure increased, the waist-hip ratio decreased, the level of C-peptide 2 h decreased, and the serum creatinine decreased in the type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with hashimoto thyroiditis group, and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). C peptide 0 h and uric acid levels decreased, and the proportion of women increased, the difference was highly statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01). Univariate analysis showed that age, diabetes course, body mass index, waist circumference, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FPG), creatinine, uric acid, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), coronary heart disease, and hashibon thyroiditis were confactors affecting C-peptide level (P ＜ 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hashimoto thyroiditis was an independent risk factor for islet dysfunction in type 2 diabetes patients (OR = 1.887, 95%CI, 1.256-2.835, P = 0.002), and the course of diabetes, HbA1c, FPG and HDL-C were also independent risk factors. Conclusion Compared with patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with hashimoto thyroiditis, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have poor islet function, and hashimoto thyroiditis is an independent risk factor for poor islet function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 49-53 [Abstract] ( 244 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (371 KB) ( 145 )

	54	Effect of needle-pricking combined with Compound Se-rich Chinese Angelica Herba Epimedium Mixture on the quality of semen and acrosin activity
		YANG Chao1 CUI Yingdong1 LIAO Zhaolin1 SONG Zhangxing1 ZHAO Hua1 XIANG Shengkan2
		Objective To investigate the effects of needle-pricking combined with Compound Se-rich Chinese Angelica and Herba Epimedium Mixture on sperm quality and acrosin activity in the treatment of oligospermia and asthenospermia. Methods Fifty cases of patients with oligospermia and asthenospermia admitted to Department of Urology and Andrology, the National Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from March 2016 to March 2018 were selected. They were divided into control group and observation group by simple random method, with 25 cases in each group. The control group was treated with needle pricking, while the observation group was treated with needle-pricking combined with Compound Se-rich Chinese Angelica Herba Epimedium Mixture. The situation of sperm quality (sperm density, percentage of Grade a sperm, percentage of Grade a+b sperm) and acrosin activity before and after treatment and total effective rate after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results After 3 months of treatment, sperm density, percentage of Grade a sperm, percentage of Grade a+b sperm and acrosin activity of the two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05), and the growing rate of observation group increased dramaticly than the control group (P ＜ 0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Needle-pricking combined with Compound Se-rich Chinese Angelica and Herba Epimedium Mixture can improve semen quality and acrosin activity of patients with oligospermia and asthenospermia effectively.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 54-57 [Abstract] ( 187 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (371 KB) ( 99 )

	58	Analysis of related factors of poor recovery of hip joint function after intramedullary nailing for elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture
		WANG Xianming SHAO Pengyue MA Wanli WANG Peng
		Objective To investigate the related factors of poor recovery of hip joint function after intramedullary nailing in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture. Methods A total of 129 elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures admitted to Panjin Central Hospital from March 2015 to March 2017 were selected for study. All patients were treated with intramedullary nailing. All patients were followed up for one year and divided into the group with good functional recovery (95 cases, good group) and the group with poor functional recovery (34 cases, adverse group) according to Maryland foot function score. Basic data and postoperative recovery were compared between the two groups, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed. Results The age of the good group was significantly lower than that of the adverse group, and the bone mineral density T≥-2.5SD, plasma albumin level ≥ 30 g/L, and the number of patients classified as P1-P2 by American seciety of anesthesiologists (ASA) was significantly higher than that of the adverse group (all P ＜ 0.05). Compared with the good group, the percentage of patients with satisfactory reduction and recovery was higher in the adverse group, and the postoperative complications were lower in the adverse group (all P ＜ 0.05). After multiariable Logistic regression analysis available: age ≥70, bone mineral density T＜-2.5 SD, ASA grade P3 - P4 level, plasma albumin levels ＜ 30 g/L, no Kangfushi rehabilitation and reset dissatisfied, perioperative complications were elderly femoral fracture internal fixation with intramedullary nail between rotor independent risk factors for poor recovery of hip joint function (all P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Elderly femoral fracture internal fixation with intramedullary nail between rotor poor recovery of hip function related factors including age, bone mineral density, ASA sizing, plasma albumin levels, Kangfushi rehabilitation, fracture, perioperative complications, such as clinical work should be related intervention measures in view of the above factors, so as to achieve the goal of improve patients postoperative hip joint function.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 58-61 [Abstract] ( 276 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (547 KB) ( 51 )

	62	Effect of three different internal fixation schemes on adult MasonⅡ radial head fractures
		WANG Yonggang1 WANG Min2
		Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and economics value of mini plate, Herbert screw and absorbable rod internal fixation in the treatment of Mason typeⅡ radial head fracture. Methods Form May 2013 to May 2016 in Jingzhou City Center Hospital 90 cases of MasonⅡ type patients with fracture of radial capitulum were selected as the research object and divided into A, B, and C groups. Thirty patients in group A were treated with mini plate internal fixation, 28 patients in group B were treated with Herbert screw internal fixation, and 32 patients in group C were treated with absorbable rod internal fixation. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative fracture healing time, the cost of treatment, the degree of elbow pain, elbow joint function excellent and good rate, activities intensity and the occurrence of complications were compared, and patients′ satisfaction were investigated in the three groups. Results The operative time, intraoperative blood loss and 2 weeks postoperative pain score of patients in group B and group C were significantly lower than those in group A (P ＜ 0.05), and hospitalization cost of group C was significantly lower than that of group A and group B (P ＜ 0.05). Elbow range of motion of group B and group C were better than that of group A 6 and 12 months after surgery (P ＜ 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in patient satisfaction and postoperative complication rate between the three groups (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Herbert screw type and absorbable bone fixation treatment MasonⅡ the overall efficacy of radial capitulum fractures is better than that of the micro bone plate, but absorbable bone fixation treatment costs relatively lower than Herbert screw fixation, preferred choice.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 62-65,81 [Abstract] ( 182 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (953 KB) ( 133 )

	66	The effect of 3 degree meniscus injury repaired by arthroscopic suture and the effect on the body sensation of knee joint
		FANG Li1 ZHANG Weibin1 HE Huichao1 QI Yuebin2 SUN Yang1
		Objective To explore and analyze the effect of arthroscopic suture in repairing the 3 degree meniscus injury and the effect on the body sensation of the knee joint. Methods A total of 88 cases with 3 degree of meniscus injury treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from May 2015 to May 2017 were selected, all the patients were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 44 cases in each group. The control group was given the outside-in suture treatment under arthroscope, and the observation group was given the total internal suture treatment under arthroscope. IKDC scores, Lysholm scores, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, Barrett excellent rate, incidence of complications and 1 year follow-up of knee proprioception of patients were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, IKDC scores and Lysholm scores increased and VAS scores decreased in the two groups compared with those before treatment; compared with the control group, IKDC scores and Lysholm scores were higher and VAS scores were lower after treatment in the observation group, and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Compared with the control group, the excellent rate of Barrett was higher in the observation group, while the incidence of incision infection and nerve vessel injury were lower, the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). After operation for 6 months, 12 months, the testing Angle in 15°, 45° and 75° of knee proprioception test were lower than those before treatment, testing Angle in 15°, 45° and 75° of knee proprioception test were lower after operation for 12 month than those after operation for 6 months, the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). The testing Angle in 15°, 45° and 75° of knee proprioception test decreased more significant in the observation group postoperative 6 months and 12 months than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion The treatment of 3 degree meniscus injury with total internal suture under arthroscope can achieve good clinical effect, which has a lower incidence of complications and can effectively improve knee proprioception with good prognosis.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 66-69 [Abstract] ( 294 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (532 KB) ( 134 )

	70	Influence of abnormal physiological curvature of cervical vertebrae on the incidence of cervicogenic headache
		HU Hua LI Liantai▲ WANG Shujun LIU Yanwei
		Objective To explore the influence of abnormal physiological curvature of cervical vertebrae on the incidence of cervicogenic headache. Methods A total of 60 patients with cervicogenic headache and 60 patients without neck headache admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College were selected from March to December 2016. The patients were divided into two groups, observation group and control group, respectively. Two groups of were performed X-ray film on the side of the cervical spine. The abnormal situation of cervical curvature in the two groups was observed, and the difference of the incidence of abnormal curvature of the cervical spine between the two groups was analyzed. The cervical curvature of the observation group was typed. The visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain in the observation group was analyzed statistically. Results The incidence of abnormal cervical curvature in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group and cervical curvature index was lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05). In the observation group, the VAS scores of the abnormal physiological curvature of cervical vertebrae patients were significantly higher than those of the normal cervical curvature patients (P ＜ 0.05). As the cervical curvature becomes smaller, the VAS scores were higher. Conclusion The smaller the cervical physiological curvature, the heavier the cervicogenic headache. Abnormal physiological curvature may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of cervicogenic headache.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 70-72,97 [Abstract] ( 176 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (939 KB) ( 111 )

	73	Effect of titanium binding belt combined with hip arthroplasty in the treatment of senile femoral trochanteric comminuted fracture
		CHEN Yirui WEI Li▲
		Objective To investigate the effect of titanium binding belt combined with hip replacement in the treatment of elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures. Methods A total of 80 patients with intertrochanteric fracture of femur from December 2012 to November 2015 in Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital were selected and they were divided into test group (n = 40, titanium binding band) and control group (n = 40, steel wire loop strapping) by random number table method. Followed up for 18 months, Johner-wruh scores, Harris scores, visual analogue scale (VAS) and incidence of complications of the two groups were compared. Results The average operation time, intraoperative blood loss, average hospitalization time and average ambulation time in the test group were significantly better than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.01). Harris scores and VAS scores at each time point after operation in both groups were better than those before operation (P ＜ 0.01), and the scores after operation for 3-18 months in the test group were significantly better than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.01). The overall fracture healing rate in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01). There were 7 cases with complications in the control group (4 cases of peripheral osteosclerosis and 3 cases of loosening spondylolisthesis). There were no other serious complications in the two groups. And the incidence of complications in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion The long-term and short-term effects of Titanium bandage combined with hip replacement in the treatment of elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures are good, which has clinical application value.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 73-76 [Abstract] ( 251 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (567 KB) ( 121 )

	77	Effect of standardized follow-up of case management on nutritional status and physical development of premature infants
		CHEN Xiaobing ZHANG Xuemei XIE Banggui CHEN Qiuning LU Yuzhu
		Objective To study the positive effects of standardized follow-up of case management in improving nutritional status and physical development of premature infants. Methods From January 2015 to December 2016, in the Third People's Hospital of Hainan Province, 100 premature infants followed up for more than one year after discharge were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 50 cases in each group. The control group was given routine follow-up mode after discharge, the observation group was given standardized follow-up mode of case management. At discharge, 3, 6, 12 months after follow-up, the physical development, intelligence and nutritional status of premature infants in two groups were measured and compared. Results There were no significant differences in the developmental indexes (body weight, head circumference, body length), intelligent scores (the exercise scale in the CDCC scale, smart scale score) between preterm infants in two groups at dicharge(P > 0.05), at the follow-up of 3, 6, 12 months, the above developmental indexes and CDCC scale scores of the observation group were significantly higher than the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The improvement of nutritional status indicators (serum PA, TRF, ALB) and immune indicators (serum CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+) in observation group at 3, 6, 12 months were also significantly better than control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The standardized follow-up model of case management has advantages in improving the quality of family comprehensive nursing, promoting the physical, intellectual, nutritional status and immune function of premature infants.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 77-81 [Abstract] ( 248 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (660 KB) ( 159 )

	82	Application of ultrasound guided abdominal aortic balloon occlusion in cesarean section of central placenta previa with placenta implantation
		CHEN Ying CHEN Baixiu
		Objective To explore the value of the therapeutic effect of ultrasound guided abdominal aortic balloon occlusion in cesarean delivery in the management of central placenta previa with placenta implantation. Methods From January 2006 to December 2015, in Liuzhou People′s Hospital, the clinical data of 41 patients diagnosed of central placenta previa with placenta implantation were retrospectively analyzed, they were divided into the study group (14 cases, given cesarean section combine with the application of ultrasound guided abdominal aortic balloon occlusion) and the control group (27 cases, given routine cesarean section) according to the treatment method. The estimated blood loss, operation time of cesarean section, transfused red blood cells, hemoglobin before and after surgery, hysterectomy rate, newborn weight, 1 min Apgar score, 24 h postoperative bleeding, postoperative hospital, enucleation of the placenta accreta region and placenta condition in two groups were compared. Results The estimated blood loss, operation time of cesarean section and transfused red blood cells in the study group were lower than the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The hysterectomy rate, newborn weight, 1 min Apgar score, 24 h postoperative bleeding, postoperative hospital, enucleation of the placenta accreta region and placenta condition in the two groups were compared, the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound guided abdominal aortic balloon occlusion in cesarean section might help to reduce estimated blood loss, transfused red blood cells and shorten the operation time of cesarean section in the treatment of central placenta previa with placenta implantation.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 82-85 [Abstract] ( 196 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (655 KB) ( 142 )

	86	Relationship between erythrocyte immunity, level of serum inflammatory factors and degree of dehydration in children with rotavirus enteritis
		YIN Tong1 YUAN Bo2 HUANG Yaling1 GAO Jian1 ZHANG Lan3
		Objective To study the relationship between erythrocyte immunity, level of serum inflammatory factors and the degree of dehydration in children with rotavirus enteritis. Methods From February 2015 to February 2018, in General Hospital of Fuxin Mining Industry (Group) Company with Limited Liability, the clinical data of 82 children with rotavirus enteritis were retrospectively analyzed, according to the degree of dehydration, they were divided into mild dehydration group (25 cases), moderate dehydration group (27 cases), and severe dehydration group (30 cases), another 30 healthy children had physical examination were selected as control group. The level of erythrocyte immune indexes and serum inflammatory factors in each group was compared, and correlation analysis was made. Results The level of immune adherence enhance factor (RFER), enhancing rosette rate of phygocytosis of red cells on neutrophils (ERPN) and erythrocyte C3b receptor rosette rate (RBC-C3bR) in the control group, mild dehydration group, moderate dehydration group and severe dehydration group decreased gradually, the level of immune adherence inhibitor factor (RFIR) and immunocomplex receptor chaplet rate (RBC-ICR) increased gradually, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), procalcitonin (PCT) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the control group, mild dehydration group, moderate dehydration group and severe dehydration group increased gradually, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that TNF-α, PCT, hs-CRP were negatively correlated with RFER, ERPN, RBC-C3bR (P < 0.05), they were positively correlated with FEIR and RBC-ICR (P < 0.05). Conclusion The level of erythrocyte immunity and serum inflammatory factors are closely related to the degree of dehydration in children with rotavirus enteritis, it can provide basis for disease diagnosis and severity assessment of children with rotavirus enteritis.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 86-89 [Abstract] ( 202 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (602 KB) ( 47 )

	90	Related factors affecting quality of life of children with phenylketonuria and intervention measures
		HAN Zonglan WANG Lanying WANG Hainan CHEN Na YU Jing
		Objective To explore the influencing factors of quality of life in children with phenylketonuria (PKU). Methods A total of 76 children with PKU admitted to the Tangshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from December 2014 to December 2016 were selected as the study group, and their quality of life was evaluated by Greneric Quarity of Life Inventor-74 (GQOLI-74). According to GQOLI-74, the children in the study group were divided into high score group and low score group. Eighty-four healthy children in Hebei Province were selected as the control group. The influencing factors of quality of life in children with PKU were analyzed. Results The GQOLI-74 scores of all dimensions and total scores in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). A total of 76 children with PKU were scored by GQOLI-74, 54 cases in high score group and 22 cases in low score group. There were significant differences in age, guardian′s educational level and guardian′s occupation between the two groups (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that the factors influencing the quality of life of children with PKU was age 4-10 years (OR = 5.370, 95% CI: 1.861-15.496, P < 0.05), the protection factor were the guardian′s education level (OR = 0.288, 95% CI: 0.094-0.882, P < 0.05), and the occupation were the enterprise/institution (OR = 0.215, 95% CI: 0.062-0.746, P < 0.05), other occupations (OR = 0.402, 95% CI: 0.219-0.738, P < 0.05). Conclusion The overall quality of life of children with PKU is worse than that of healthy children. Age, the guardian′s education level and occupation are the main influencing factors. Targeted intervention measures should be given to improve the quality of life of children.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 90-93 [Abstract] ( 228 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (663 KB) ( 82 )

	94	Relationship between peripheral blood HMGB1 level and Th17/Treg balance in women with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion
		TAO Xiaoling XIONG Jun YANG Yan FANG Min LI Yunyun
		Objective To investigate the relationship between the high mobility group box protein B1 (HMGB1) level in peripheral blood and the helper T cell 17 (Th17)/regulatory T (Treg) cell balance in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion. Methods From January 2016 to January 2018, 83 patients with unexplained recurrent abortion who were treated in Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital ("our hospital" for short) were selected as the observation group, and 80 healthy pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. Fasting venous blood was collected after admission. Th17 and Treg cell levels were measured by flow cytometry and compared between the two groups. The levels of Th17 and Treg cells were detected by flow cytometry and compared between groups. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of HMGB1, advanced glycation end product receptor (RAGE), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, IL-17, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). The relationship between HMGB1 and the expression of various cells and cytokines was also investigated. Results The levels of HMGB1, RAGE, Th17 and Th17/Treg in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the Treg was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was highly statistically significant (P < 0.01). The levels of IL-6 and IL-17 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the levels of IL-10 and TGF-β were lower than those in the control group, and the difference was highly statistically significant (P < 0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that HMGB1 was positively correlated with Th17, Th17/Treg, RAGE, IL-6, IL-17 levels (r = 0.456, 0.489, 0.528, 0.397, 0.438, P < 0.05). There was a negative correlation between the levels of HMGB1 and Treg, IL-10 and TGF-β (r = -0.552, -0.523, -0.439, P < 0.05). Conclusion There is a certain correlation between HMGB1 level and Th17/Treg balance in peripheral blood of patients with unexplained recurrent abortion. The abnormal expression of HMGB1, Th17 and Treg and the imbalance of Th17/Treg may be involved in the occurrence of unexplained recurrent abortion.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 94-97 [Abstract] ( 231 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (604 KB) ( 119 )

	98	Effect of early-warning combined with evidence-based nursing intervention on children with pneumonia
		CAO Chunju
		Objective To explore the effect of early-warning combined with evidence-based nursing intervention on children with pneumonia. Methods A total of 280 children with pneumonia from January to June 2018 in Shenyang Children′s Hospital were selected and divided into control group (n = 140) and observation group (n = 140) according to different intervention measures. The control group was given routine nursing measures, and the observation group was given an early warning combined with evidence-based interventions. The disappearance time of fever, shortness of breath, cough and wheezing in two groups of children with pneumonia were observed; the scores of physical function, psychological mood, social function and material quality of life before and after intervention in two groups of children were recorded; the use time of antibiotics, aerosol treatment time and hospitalization time in two groups of children were recorded; the cooperation degree and satisfaction degree of family members of children were compared between two groups. Results The disappearance time of fever, shortness of breath, cough and wheezing in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the scores of physical function, psychological mood, social function and material quality of life between the two groups before intervention (P > 0.05). After intervention, the scores of physical function, psychological mood, social function and material quality of life of the children in two groups were higher than those before intervention, and after intervention, the scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The use time of antibiotics, aerosol treatment time and hospitalization time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, the degree of cooperation and satisfaction of family members in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion Early-warning combined with evidence-based nursing intervention can reduce the disappearance time of clinical symptoms and improve the quality of life and treatment efficiency of children with pneumonia, which is worthy of clinical application.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 98-101 [Abstract] ( 201 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (650 KB) ( 59 )

	102	The therapeutic effect of peribulbar injection in the treatment of diabetic ophthalmoplegia with multi-channel combined administration
		LIU Ziyao YAO Liang HU Jia SUN Chao LIAO Dingying WANG Jianming ZHENG Yuping
		Objective To compare and analyze the effect of peribulbar injection in the treatment of diabetic ophthalmoplegia with multi-channel combined administration. Methods Sixty-eight patients with diabetic ophthalmoplegia diagnosed at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from June 2010 to April 2016 were divided into two groups according to the order of admission. Patients admitted from June 2010 to May 2013 were classified into the peribulbar injection treatment group (group A) (n = 34); patients admitted from June 2013 to April 2016 were classified into routine treatment group (group B) (n = 34). The clinical efficacy of the two groups was statistically analyzed by SPSS software. The effects of two treatment methods on the recovery of degree of eye deviation, palpebral fissure height, diplopia and eye movement were compared. Results There were no significant differences in sex, age, duration of diabetes, ratio of glycated hemoglobin and morbidity time between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05). The total effective rate of group A was significantly higher than that of group B after 1 week and 2 weeks of treatment (P ＜ 0.05), while there was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups at the end of the study (3 months of treatment) (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Vitamin B12 and Dexamethasone injection can shorten the course of disease and accelerate the recovery of eye muscle function. However, in terms of long-term curative effect, whether it is combined with peribulbar injection or not has no significant influence on the curative effect.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 102-104,108 [Abstract] ( 209 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (433 KB) ( 137 )

	105	Analysis of risk factors for chronic periodontitis
		LIU Hui CHEN Yan TANG Chunmei JIANG Weidong LIU Sen
		Objective To study and analyze the risk factors of chronic periodontitis. Methods A total of 109 patients with chronic periodontitis who were admitted to Liaohe Oil Field General Hospital (hereinafter referred to as "our hospital") from February 2016 to February 2018 were selected as the study group, and 100 healthy people who received physical examination in our hospital during the same period were recorded as the control group. The probing depth (PD), plaque index (PLI), attachment loss (AL) and bleeding index (BI) were compared between the two groups. And the serum and gingival crevicular fluid of two groups were collected, interleukin (IL) -10 and IL-17, IL-23, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) level in serum and gingival sulcus fluid were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent method. Logistic regression analysis was performed. Results The levels of PD, PLI, AL, BI of study group were significantly higher than those of control group, the levels of IL-17, IL-23 in serum and gingival sulcus liquid of the study group were significantly higher than those of control group, the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference in levels of IL-10 and TGF-β in serum and gingival sulcus liquid between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors of chronic periodontitis included PD, PLI, AL, BI, and IL-17 and IL-23 in serum and gingival fluid (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion There is a significant imbalance in Th17/Treg-related cytokines in patients with chronic periodontitis, and IL-17 and IL-23 is independent risk factors for chronic periodontitis, which is worthy of clinical attention.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 105-108 [Abstract] ( 196 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (473 KB) ( 48 )

	109	Determination of isoaspartate in soluble CD95-Fc fusion protein by RP-HPLC
		YU Lei TAO Lei BI Hua LI Xiang RAO Chunming
		Objective To determine the content of isoaspartate (IsoAsp) in soluble CD95-Fc fusion protein. Methods IsoAsp content in samples was determined by ISOQUANT?誖 Isoaspartic Acid Detection Kit combined with reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Phenomenex Synergi 4 μm Hydro RP-80 C18 column (150 mm × 3 mm, 4 μm) was used. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate-1.1 mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate-10% methanol was used as mobile phase A, methanol as mobile phase B, gradient elution was performed at a flow rate of 0.43 mL/min. Results The content of IsoAsp in reference material was similar to that in three batches of raw liquor (0.30-0.32 mol/mol sCD95-Fc). The content of IsoAsp in three batches of finished products increased significantly (0.51-0.53 mol/mol sCD95-Fc). The content of IsoAsp in finished products did not change significantly after 24 hours of treatment at 25℃ and 37℃, but increased significantly after treatment at 60℃. Conclusion This method is suitable for the determination of IsoAsp in soluble CD95-Fc fusion protein. High temperature treatment can accelerate the formation of IsoAsp in samples.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 109-112 [Abstract] ( 314 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (722 KB) ( 74 )

	113	Determination of plasma catecholamine and its metabolites in hereditary pheochromocytoma family
		LIU Hongxu1 DENG Sishan1 MA Lihong1 MA Zhenjing1 WANG Xinkang2
		Objective To establish a method for the determination of catecholamines and their metabolites in plasma of hereditary pheochromocytoma families by high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector (HPLC-ECD). Methods The working electrode was a glass electrode and the reference electrode was an Ag-AgCl electrode with a voltage of 0.6 V and a temperature of 30℃. Using Ultimate XB-C18 (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm); using methanol as mobile phase A, 0.1% sodium dihydrogen phosphate (containing EDTA-Na and octanesulfonic acid) aqueous solution as mobile phase B, gradient elution, flow rate 0.8 mL/min; column temperature was room temperature; detection wavelength was 280 nm; injection volume was 20 μL. Results In normal healthy people, the contents of epinephrine(E)， norepinephrine(NE), methoxy norepinephrine (NMN), methoxy-adrenalin (MN) were (56.71±25.67), (98.62±36.90), (78.36±22.36), (33.27±14.62) ng/L. The NEs of 2 patients with pheochromocytoma diagnosed in pheochromocytoma were 353.36, 563.87 ng/L and NMN were 425.71 and 527.65 ng/L, respectively. The correlation detection values of the other 18 family members were within the range of normal healthy adults. The correlation detection values of the other two family members were higher than the normal values. it is recommended to go to the hospital for further examination. Conclusion This method is simple, sensitive and accurate and can be used for the detection of patients with clinical pheochromocytoma.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 113-116 [Abstract] ( 269 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (461 KB) ( 73 )

	117	Determination of four components in Shanhe Lipid-Lowering Powder by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker
		ZHANG Jiao JIANG Qianqian YU Tingting WEI Yi
		Objective To establish a method for the determination of four constituents in Shanhe Jiangzhi Powder by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker, and to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the method. Methods The contents of four components in Shanhe Jiangzhi powder were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The chromatographic column was KromstarTM C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm), mobile phase was acetonitrile (A) - 0.4% phosphoric acid aqueous solution (B), gradient elution, flow rate was 0.8 mL/min, column temperature was 25 ℃, the detection wavelength of sinapine thiocyanate, hyperoside, quercetin and kaempferol were 330, 354, 375, 363 nm, respectively, and the injection volume was 10 μL. With quercetin as the internal standard, the relative positive factors of quercetin and sinapine thiocyanate, Hyperoside and kaempferol were established, and the contents of four components were calculated to achieve multi-evaluation. At the same time, the contents of the four components were determined by external standard method, and the differences between calculated values and measured values were compared to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker. Results The average recoveries of sinapine thiocyanate, hyperoside, quercetin and kaempferol were 1.21%, 1.08%, 0.94% and 1.33%, respectively. The relative positive factors of quercetin and sinapine thiocyanate, hyperoside, kaempferol were 1.23%, 0.53% and 1.41%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the calculated and measured values of the four components in three batches of Shanhe lipid-lowering powder (P > 0.05). Conclusion It is accurate and feasible to determine the four components in Shanhe Jiangzhi Powder by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker, which has guiding significance for the quality control of Shanhe Jiangzhi Powder.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 117-121 [Abstract] ( 243 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (841 KB) ( 99 )

	122	The protective effect of Salvianolic acid on nerve function and its influence on ET-1 level in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction
		GAO Aimin WANG Ning REN Cuijian LIU Yonggang QI Weijing XU Yunhe
		Objective To investigate the protective effect of Salvianolic acid on nerve function and its influence on ET-1 level in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods From July to December 2016, 96 cases of elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to the First Central Hospital of Baoding City were selected as the research objects. They were randomly divided into control group and study group according to the visiting order and number 48 cases in each group. The control group was given conventional oxygen inhalation, antiplatelet aggregation, improved microcirculation and neurotrophic drugs, and the study group was treated with Salvianolic acid on the basis of conventional control group. The clinical efficacy, neurological deficit score, endothelin-1 (ET-1) level and hemorheological indexes of the two groups were observed and compared. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the study group was 87.50%, which was significantly higher than 68.75% of the control group (P ＜ 0.05); the neurologic impairment score of the two groups decreased compared with that before treatment (P ＜ 0.05), and the degree of reduction in the study group was better than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05); the levels of ET-1 in the two groups were lower than those before the treatment (P ＜ 0.05), and the study group was lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05); the plasma viscosity, blood viscosity, hematocrit and whole blood viscosity of the two groups were lower than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05), and the study group was significantly lower than the control group (P ＜ 0.05); no adverse reaction occurred during the treatment of the two groups. Conclusion The application of salvianolic acid in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction can significantly improve the therapeutic effect, improve neurological function, regulate serum ET-1 level, improve the hemorheology, and the safety is high.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 122-125 [Abstract] ( 267 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (450 KB) ( 81 )

	126	Clinical effect of microecologics Bifid Triple Viable Capsules on the adjuvant treatment of senile pneumonia
		GUO Qingchun ZHANG Jiegen ZHANG Shuo SHI Na YANG Yan
		Objective To explore the clinical effects of microecologics Bifid Triple Viable Capsules in the adjuvant treatment of senile pneumonia. Methods The clinical data of 160 senile patients with pneumonia in Department of Respiratory Medicine of Zhuozhou City Hospital from September 2016 to October 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients who were only given conventional anti-infective treatment were included in control group (80 cases). On this basis, patients who were given microecologics adjuvant therapy were included in observation group (80 cases). Serum biochemical parameters [procalcitonin (PCT), diamine oxidase (DAO), endotoxin] and cellular immune markers [CD3+, CD4+/CD8+, natural killer (NK) cell] were compared between the two groups before treatment and after 2 weeks of treatment. And the remission of clinical symptoms/signs and occurrence of adverse drug reactions were analyzed in the two groups after 2 weeks of treatment. Results After 2 weeks of treatment, the serum levels of PCT, DAO and endotoxin were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the levels in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group at the same time (P ＜ 0.05). The CD3+ levels in the two groups were not significantly different from those before treatment, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05). The levels of CD4+/CD8+ and NK cell in the two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment, and the levels in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group at the same time (P ＜ 0.05). The remission times of clinical symptoms/signs in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05). Within 2 weeks of treatment, the incidence rates of diarrhea, nausea and vomiting and abdominal distension in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of dizziness headache and itching rash between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Microecologics for senile pneumonia can effectively enhance the anti-infective treatment effects, and reduce the gastrointestinal adverse reactions caused by antibiotics, and it is beneficial to the prognosis and rehabilitation of patients.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 126-129 [Abstract] ( 191 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (488 KB) ( 111 )

	130	Study on arthroscopy debridement combined with Shenjin Tougu Decoction in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis
		XIANG Fusheng1 LIU Li1 ZHOU Bin1 WANG Jing1 YIN Guoliang2 YU Guihua1 YANG Dongxiao3 WU Jianhui1
		Objective To study the clinical effect of arthroscopic debridement combined with Shenjin Tougu Decoction in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Methods A total of 526 cases with mild-to-moderate knee osteoarthritis in Ezhou Central Hospital from February 2010 to February 2015, which were randomly divided into observation group 263 cases and control group 263 cases by random number table method. The observation group was treated with arthroscopy debridement combined with the fumigation and washing with Shenjin Tougu Decoction, the control group was treated with arthroscopy debridement simply. Criteria for judging the therapeutic effect of knee osteoarthritis Japanese orthopaedic association scores (JOA) and hospital for special surgery knee score (HSS) knee scoring criteria were used to evaluate curative effect postoperative 49, 91, 175 days. Results There was no significant difference in HSS and JOA excellent and good rates between the two groups at 49th day after surgery (P ＞ 0.05). At 91st and 175th day after surgery, HSS and JOA excellent and good rates in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). There were no severe adverse reactiows in the two groups. Conclusion Application of combined arthroscopy debridement and Shenjin Tougu Decoction fumigation in the treatment of knee osteoarthriti had better long-term curative effect than simply using arthroscopy debridement. Shenjin Tougu Decoction in long term can relieve patients′ pain and delay the progress of articular degeneration, and improve patients′ quality of life.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 130-132,141 [Abstract] ( 277 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (783 KB) ( 99 )

	133	Clinical effect of Liangxue Pingyin Decoction assisted by Jinhuang Ointment moving cupping in the treatment of psoriasis
		ZHANG Shuai1 YANG Zhibo2 TANG Xueyong2 LUO Hong1 LI Liqin1
		Objective To explore the clinical effect of Liangxue Pingyin Decoction assisted by Jinhuang Ointment moving cupping in the treatment of psoriasis. Methods A total of 110 patients with psoriasis vulgaris admitted to the First Hospital of Changsha from February 2016 to January 2018 were selected. According to the random number table method, they were divided into combined group and control group, with 55 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with Western medicine basic therapy and Liangxue Pingyin Decoction, and the combined group was also treated with Jinhuang Ointment moving cupping as an auxiliary treatment, the course was 2 months. The inflammatory index, immunological index, psoriasis area disease severity (PASI) score and dermatology life quality index (DLQI) before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences of interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-23 (IL-23), immune globulin G (IgG), immune globulin A (IgA), immune globulin M (IgM), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels, and the scores of PASI, DLQI between the two groups before treatment (P ＞ 0.05). After treatment, the levels of IgG, CRP, ESR, IL-17, IL-23 and the scores of PASI and DLQI of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05), the levels of IgM were significantly higher than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-17, IL-23, IgG, CRP, ESR and the scores of PASI and DLQI of the combined group were lower than those of the control group (P ＜ 0.05), the level of IgM in the combined group was higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine prescription Liangxue Pingyin Decoction assisted by Jinhuang Ointment moving cupping in the treatment of psoriasis can effectively improve the patients′ conditions, reduce the serum levels of IL-17, IL-23, CRP, ESR, regulate the immune function of patients, raise the quality of life of patients.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 133-136 [Abstract] ( 222 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (635 KB) ( 140 )

	137	Effect of Zhitong Rushen Decoction on wound healing and pain degree after anal fistula operation
		MIAO Daxing1 LAI Lei2 MIAO Chen3
		Objective To investigate the effect of Zhitong Rushen Decoction on wound healing and pain degree after anal fistula operation. Methods Sixty patients with anal fistula from December 2015 to June 2018 in the First Affiliated Hospital to Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected. By the random number table method all the patients were divided into control group (n = 30) and study group (n = 30). The control group was treated with Diosmin and Potassium Permanganate. The study group was treated with Zhitong Rushen Decoction on the basis of the control group, and the two groups were treated for 3 weeks. The clinical efficacy, wound healing time and disappearance time of blood in the stool, serum epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibronectin (FN) levels, wound longitudinal diameter and wound area, symptoms (pain level, granulation morphology), wound surface exudate) integral were measured and comparedy between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05). The healing time of the wound in the study group and the disappearance time of blood in stool in the study group were shorter than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05). After treatment, serum EGF and FN levels in the two groups were higher than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.01), and those in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05). After treatment, the longitudinal diameter and wound area of the two groups were smaller than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.01), and those in the study group were smaller than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.01). After treatment, scores of the pain level, granulation morphology and wound exudate in the two groups were lower than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.01), and those in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion The treatment of anal fistula with Zhitong Rushen Decoction can effectively shorten the healing time of wound healing and blood in the stool, promote the disappearance of wounds, reduce the pain of patients, relieve the clinical symptoms, increase the levels of serum EGF and FN, and improve the therapeutic effect of the disease.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 137-141 [Abstract] ( 241 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (669 KB) ( 95 )

	142	The thought of treatment based on syndrome differentiation and the prescription analysis of amenorrhea treatment in Nü Ke Zhi Yao
		JIANG Bei1 YAN Qi1 CUI Hongtao2 WANG Lichao3 DUAN Fujin1
		Objective Through analyzing the discussion of amenorrhea in Nü Ke Zhi Yao and its recorded prescription, to explore the dialectical way of treating amenorrhea and the law of its medication. Methods Through the study of the pulse method, treatment method, medication and prescription selection of amenorrhea article in Nü Ke Zhi Yao, the thoughts of diagnosis and treatment of Xu Dachun in the treatment of amenorrhea were mastered overall. The amenorrhea prescription was prepared to establish database, which was input into the software of traditional Chinese medicine inheritance auxiliary platform. By using the data mining method, the frequency statistics, medication mode and prescription rule of prescription were analyzed, so as to summarize the characteristics of treating amenorrhea. The selection and application of Xu Dachun for the prescription dosage form was sorted out, so as to explore the advantages of dosage form selection for amenorrhea therapy. Results Thirty-two kinds of pulse were concluded. In the prescription part, a total of 32 prescriptions were selected, involving 74 Chinese medicinal flavors. The top 10 drug frequencies were Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Semen Persicae, Cortex Cinnamomi, Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae, Rhizoma Curcumae, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata and prepared Radix Glycyrrhizae. The results showed that the highest frequency of drug occurrence was the drugs of promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis, with concerted application of nourishing blood drugs, invigorating vital energy drugs, activating qi flowing drugs and other drugs. There were 9 common drug combinations, the most frequent drug combinations were Radix Angelicae Sinensis - Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Angelicae Sinensis - Cortex Cinnamomi, Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong - Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Angelicae Sinensis - Radix et Rhizoma Rhei. The dosage forms of amenorrhea prescription were summed up, the decoction methods and characteristics of liquor application were summarized. Conclusion Xu Dachun treats amenorrhea classification carefully and pays attention to pulse diagnosis. He pays great attention to the application of promoting blood circulation for removing blood stasis drugs, he is especially good at the application of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei. And on the basis of syndrome differentiation, he adds the drugs of benefiting qi and nourishing blood, regulating vital energy and activating qi flowing, taking unobstructed as the main purpose, with reinforcement and elimination in combination. In dosage form selection of amenorrhea prescription, he uses multiple dosage forms simultaneously, pays attention to the application of pills and powders, And the decoction methods are various, which is helpful to strengthen drug potential, or protect positive qi, so that the attack against evil does not damage the positive qi.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 142-146 [Abstract] ( 145 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (660 KB) ( 84 )

	147	Effect of lumbar spine massage combined with Sodium Hyaluronate in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis
		LI Xiaoming1 CUI Xinjie2 LI Zengtu1
		Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of lumbar spine massage combined with Sodium Hyaluronate in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and its influence on serum S100A12 and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) levels. Methods One hundred cases of KOA patients admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from January 2016 to January 2018 were divided into the observation group and the control group by random envelope method, with 50 cases in each group. The control group was treated with Sodium Hyaluronate, while the observation group was treated with lumbar spine massage combined with Sodium Hyaluronate. After treatment, the visual analogue scale (VAS), clinical efficacy, S100A12 and COMP levels of the two groups were observed, and the satisfaction rates of the two groups were analyzed. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05). After treatment, the VAS scores of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05), and the VAS score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05). After treatment, the levels of S100A12 and COMP in the blood of the two groups were decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05), which of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group (P ＜ 0.05). The satisfaction rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion The combination of lumbar spine massage and Sodium Hyaluronate in the treatment of KOA patients can improve the clinical efficacy and clinical satisfaction rate, reduce the patients′ VAS scores, S100A12 and COMP levels.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 147-150 [Abstract] ( 199 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (658 KB) ( 92 )

	151	Effect of self-made Buqi Huoxue Decoction in treatment of postoperative syndrome of lumbar disc herniation
		SHANG Rong′an WANG Shaofei CHAO Jianhu LIU Dongqian HU Di
		Objective To observe clinical effect of self-made Buqi Huoxue Decoction on postoperative syndrome of lumbar disc herniation. Methods From July 2014 to June 2017, 50 patients with postoperative lumbar disc herniation syndrome treated in Baoji Hospital of Chinese Medicine were selected, and they were randomly divided into control group (23 cases) and treatment group (27 cases). The treatment group was given Buqi Huoxue Decoction, while the control group was treated with Mecobalamin Tablets. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. The visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index(ODI) and the adverse events were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results The VAS scores and ODI indices of the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.01). The VAS scores and ODI indices of the treatment group were lower than those of the control group (P ＜ 0.01) at the same time. There was no adverse reactions in both groups. Conclusion The application of Buqi Huoxue Decoction in treating postoperative syndrome of lumbar disc herniation can achieve satisfactory results, which is worth promotion in clinic.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 151-153,158 [Abstract] ( 261 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (671 KB) ( 113 )

	154	Meta-analysis of warm acupuncture combined with Sodium Hyaluronate therapy in treatment of knee osteoarthritis
		JIANG Huijing1 ZHANG Shudan2
		Objective To systematically evaluate the curative effect and safety of warm acupuncture combined with Sodium Hyaluronate therapy in treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Methods The databases of PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CBM, WanFang, CNKI and VIP were retrieved for collecting randomized controlled trials (RCT) and clinic controlled trials (CCT) about warm acupuncture combined with Sodium Hyaluronate therapy in treatment of knee osteoarthritis from database building to July 21th, 2018, and reference lists enrolled were also searched. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers screened and assessed the enrolled studies independently, and then the data was extracted. The data was given a Meta-analysis by using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of 20 studies were included, involving 1719 patients, with 859 cases in combination group and 860 cases in Sodium Hyaluronate group. The Meta-analysis showed: the clinical curative effect of the combination group in treating knee osteoarthritis was better than the Sodium Hyaluronate group (OR = 4.45, 95%CI: 3.12-6.35, P ＜ 0.05). There were no adverse reactions in each group. Conclusion The combination treatment of warm acupuncture and Sodium Hyaluronate has significant curative effect, and the safety is good.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 154-158 [Abstract] ( 221 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (1541 KB) ( 33 )

	159	Systematic review of arthroscopic lateral ligament repair for chronic ankle instability
		WANG Tingfan1 WEI Daiqing2 LU Xiaobo2
		Objective To investigate the feasibility of chronic ankle instability (CAI) in prosthetic treatment of lateral ligament by arthroscopy. Methods We performed a systematic review of the literature using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane database, ScienceNet, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wanfang, Baidu Scholar and other databases from the date when these databases were established to February 2018. Information about clinical research on CAI in prosthetic treatment of lateral ligament by arthroscopy were collected. Outcome measures consisted of patients′ pre-operation conditions, post-operation functional recovery, complications and so on. Results A total of 791 patients were included in 16 clinical trials. It was reported in 9 researches that the score of American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) is excellent (range: 90-100 scores) and it was reported in 6 researches that the average score of AOFAS is good (range: 75-89 scores) and no researches indicated that the average score of AOFAS after operation was ok and poor. There were 75 complications in all in which 3 patients had second operation due to recurrence of ankle instability. Conclusion The prosthetic treatment of lateral ligament by arthroscopy can be used to cure CAI as one feasible operative plan but the repair by arthroscopy may cause higher rate of complication. Therefore, we need to carry out more researches on corpse specimen and comparative researches on clinical tests, open operation and operation by arthroscopy to further evaluate curative effects of treatment by arthroscopy.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 159-164 [Abstract] ( 254 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (595 KB) ( 119 )

	165	Empirical study of the medical staff in core hospitals on the trust degree of community Chinese medicine
		WU Xin JING Chao SONG Shuang WANG Shan
		Objective To know about the trust degree of the medical staff of tertiary hospitals in medical treatment alliance on the community Chinese medicine. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the medical staff of tertiary hospitals in 2 regional medical treatment alliance of area B. The trust degree of the medical staff of tertiary hospitals in medical treatment alliance on the community Chinese medicine and its influence factors were understood by factor analysis and one-way ANOVA analysis. Results The average score of the ability trust degree of the medical staff of tertiary hospitals on the community Chinese medicine was 3.52 points. Among scores of all indicators, the role recognition of the medical staff of tertiary hospitals for the community Chinese medicine in medical treatment alliance, and the trust degree of community Chinese medicine in the efficacy of chronic disease and rehabilitation had higher scores, the score was 4.07, 3.77, 3.71 points respectively; the scores of the understanding degree for community Chinese medicine and the processing capacity of community Chinese medicine for acute disease were the lowest, which was 2.85, 2.70 points respectively. The influence of sociological demographic characteristics of respondents -- age, years of work and professional title for the trust degree had statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion It is necessary to take measures to stimulate the medical staff of tertiary hospitals in medical treatment alliance to increase the affection trust on the community Chinese medicine, to build a vertical multi-disciplinary medical teams of “emphasizing both Chinese and Western medicine”, to increase their collaborative behaviors, in order to enhance cognitive trust to emotional trust.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 165-168,176 [Abstract] ( 173 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (594 KB) ( 101 )

	169	Effect of hierarchical incentive and restraint mechanism on pediatric teaching in general hospitals
		XING Yan TONG Xiaomei PIAO Meihua HAN Tongyan CAO Guangna
		Objective To discuss the effect of hierarchical incentive and restraint mechanism in guiding pediatric teaching practice. Methods From May 2016 to April 2018, in Department of Pediatric, Peking University Third Hospital, teachers and students working and studying were enrolled as the subjects of the study. Each subject was divided into four levels, the incentive mechanism reflected the responsibility, level, ability, value and the duty of work achievement from teachers and students, while the constraint mechanism was regarded as auxiliary, the comparison and questionnaire before and after this study, hospital inspection, teaching achievements and student satisfaction were used to evaluate the implementation and effect of the layered incentive-restricted mechanism. Results The results of the questionnaire indicated that 84.0% teachers and 68.0% students approved the application of teaching incentive and restraint mechanism before the implementation of this project. Compared with implementation of the project, after the implementation of the project, the number of teaching evaluation increased (4 times vs. 7 times), the number of participants in conference training increased (1.2 times/person vs. 3.0 times/person), the overall average score of quarterly assessment improved [(88.3±0.8) scores vs. (92.5±0.7) scores], the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After the implementation of the project, 94.7% students thought that teachers′ awareness of teaching significantly improved. Conclusion The role of different levels of teachers in teaching should be attached great importance. Teachers are also required by corresponding learning requirements. Different incentive and restraint mechanisms are adopted according to levels and seniority for teaching and learning, it is positive significance for improving the teaching level of pediatrics and the diagnosis and treatment ability of pediatricians in general hospitals.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 169-172 [Abstract] ( 156 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (663 KB) ( 51 )

	173	Analysis of hospitalization expenses structure and influencing factors of liver cancer patients withurban basic medical insurance
		ZHANG Xiaoying1 LIANG Wenjie2 ZHU Xiao1 KANG Ping1
		Objective To analyze the influencing factors of hospitalization expenses of patients with primary liver cancer, and provide evidence for reducing the medical economic burden of patients. Methods In Nanning medical insurance for urban workers database, 209 discharge records diagnosed as primary liver cancer from January 2016 to June 2017 were collected. The descriptive analysis and multiple linearity regression were used to analyze the structure and influencing factors of hospitalization expenses for patients with liver cancer. Results The proportion of various expenses in the total hospitalization expenses of liver cancer patients were 40.00% of medicine costs, 22.27% of materials costs, 13.78% of inspection fees, 11.70% of laboratory expenses, and 11.10% of treatment expenses. The main influencing factors of hospitalization expenses were whether surgery, hospitalization days, age, gender, number of hospitalizations, and whether using critical illness insurance. Conclusion Hospitalization days, whether surgery, gender, age, number of hospitalizations, and whether or not to use critical illness insurance are factors influencing the total cost of hospitalization. In view of the heavier economic burden of liver cancer patients, it is recommended that the agencies of medical insurance for urban employees and hospitals adopt a single-disease fee-system to encourage hospitals to save costs in terms of benefits, shorter the number of hospital stays, and reduce the waste of medical resources.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 173-176 [Abstract] ( 371 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (532 KB) ( 130 )

	177	Causes analysis and countermeasures of screening failure in drug clinical trials
		LIU Lin HE Yan ZHOU Yan LI Na ZENG Yan ZHANG Qian
		Objective To analyze the main reasons of the screening failure, explore the strategies for improving the success rate of screening, in order to provide the reference frame for research institute and sponsor making recruitment plan. Methods From January 2013 to October 2016, in Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, the data of drug clinical trial program were selected, the clinical trial research teams and subjects were given interview. The data statistics described by SPSS 19.0 statistical software. Results There were 47 drug clinical trials were involved, 958 subjects were screened, and 182 of them were screening failed. 54 subjects (29.67%) were physical examination results did not meet the inclusion criteria or met exclusion criteria; 48 subjects (26.37%) withdrew informed consent forms before enrolling; 40 subjects (21.98%) failed during run-in period; 35 subjects (19.23%) were laboratory indicators met the exclusion criteria or did not meet the inclusion criteria; 5 subjects (2.75%) were screening failed for other reasons. Conclusion The main reasons for failure of subjects screening are that the physical examination results do not meet the requirements of the drug clinical trials and the withdrawing of the informed consent forms. If a run-in period is designed in a clinical trial, there is a higher risk of screening failure in the run-in period. Formulating scientific and feasible screening scheme, drawing up reasonable and feasible recruitment plan, more training investigators, increasing knowledge popularization of clinical trials, they are all helpful for recruitment and improving the success rate of screening in drug clinical trials.
		2019 Vol. 16 (6): 177-180 [Abstract] ( 278 ) HTML (1 KB) PDF (530 KB) ( 187 )

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