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| Glucose and glutamine metabolism modulate stem cell fates#br# |
| GAO Shiqi1,2,3 CHEN Xiaoqian1,2,3 WANG Yu1,2,3 ZHENG Liwei1,2,3 ZHOU Yachuan2,3,4 |
1.Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China;
2.State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China;
3.National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China;
4.Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China |
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Abstract The metabolic status of stem cells varies with the developmental stage. In turn, cell metabolic patterns, particularly glucose and glutamine metabolism, affect stem cell biological activities. During differentiation, the energy metabolism of stem cells changes from glycolysis to tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. A large number of studies have shown that cell metabolism can regulate stem cell fate through epigenetic mechanism. Metabolic intermediates of glucose and glutamine (α -ketoglutarate, acetyl-CoA, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide) apparently regulate self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation of stem cells by influencing methylation markers of histone, DNA and RNA and histone acetylation markers. Cell metabolism and epigenetic regulation provide new ideas for disease treatment. This paper summarizes the metabolic maps of glucose and glutamine in stem cells, and describes the metabolite mediated epigenetic mechanism regulating stem cell fate and its therapeutic application.
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