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| Analysis of nutritional status and influencing factors of vitamin D in Shanghai shooters in winter |
| YAN Shimin JIANG Yunfei SHEN Juan LIU Wei XU Shiheng CHEN Fengling |
| Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China |
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Abstract Objective To investigate the current status of vitamin D levels of Shanghai shooters in winter and to compare them with local healthy young people of the same age, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods From February to March 2018, 46 shooting athletes from the Shanghai shooting team were selected as the athlete group, and 50 healthy young people of the same age who had a physical examination at the Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] level, and relevant information was collected. The difference in vitamin D levels between athletes and people of the same age were analyzed, as well as the possible influencing factors that lead to the difference. Results The level of 25(OH)D and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) of the athlete group was significantly higher than that of the control group, the blood calcium level was significantly lower than that of the control group, while the sun exposure time was longer than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of serum 25(OH)D levels between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05). The difference in exposure time of athletes with different serum 25(OH)D levels was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Among them, the vitamin-deficient athletes had significantly longer exposure time than other levels (P ＜ 0.05). There was a positive correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and sun exposure time in all subjects (r = 0.685, P ＜ 0.05). The level of serum 25(OH)D in the athlete group was correlated with the exposure time (r = 0.498, P ＜ 0.05). Sun exposure time was a protective factor that affects the serum 25(OH)D level in the athlete group (OR = 0.095，95%CI: 0.018-0.493, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion In winter, Shanghai shooting athletes have insufficient or lack of vitamin D. Sun exposure time is the protective factor of serum 25(OH)D level in athletes. A reasonable assessment of the nutritional status of athletes’ vitamin D and the formulation of a reasonable vitamin D supplementation plan will help maintain athletes’ health and improve their competitive status.
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