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| Clinical significance of abnormal blood separation in multiple myeloma |
| CHU Nali1 FAN Hong1 GUO Li2 XU Di2 ZHANG Hua2 ZHANG Jingyu1▲ |
1.Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Hebei Province, Hebei Province，Cangzhou 061001, China;
2.Department of Hematology, Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Hebei Province, Hebei Province，Cangzhou 061001, China |
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Abstract Objective To investigate the abnormal blood separation in multiple myeloma (MM). Methods A total of 282 MM patients (152 cases of IgG type，92 cases of IgA type, 6 cases of IgD type and 32 cases of light chain type), 200 autoimmune diseases patients and 200 healthy physical examinees were selected from Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Hebei Province from March 2008 to October 2019. Fasting venous blood was collected by vacuum blood collection with separation gel, and the results of blood separation were observed after centrifugation. The patients were divided into the control group and the abnormal group according to the blood separation results, and the differences of immunoglobulin (Ig), total protein (TP), hemoglobin (Hb), hematopoietic volume (Hct), platelet count (PLT), and fibrinogen (Fig) levels were compared between the two groups. Results The blood of patients with autoimmune disease, healthy physical examinees and partial MM patients were divided into three layers, followed by serum, separation glue and red blood cells from top to bottom, and the proportion of serum and red blood cells was appropriate. Patients with abnormal blood separation were MM patients, and the abnormal blood was separated into four layers, successively from top to bottom: serum, red blood cell, separation glue and red blood cell. There was a small amount of serum in the upper layer, a increase of red blood cells in the lower layer, and a small amount of red blood cell in the bottom layer. Abnormal blood separation was found in 46 cases of the 282 MM patients (16.31%). Abnormal separation was found only in IgG (28 cases) and IgA (18 cases), accounting for 60.87% and 29.13%, respectively. The levels of TP and Ig in the abnormal group were higher than those in the control group, while the levels of Hb and Hct in the abnormal group were lower than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Abnormal separation phenomenon occurred after centrifuged in patients with MM. In case of abnormal blood separation in daily work, timely communication with clinicians should be conducted and further confirmatory tests should be conducted.
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