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| Study on the acute toxicity of Prunus mira oil in rats and rabbits |
| SUN Weijun1* ZHOU Xi2* WANG Zhang3 ZHANG Jing3 GAN Dali1 LIANG Yuan1 FAN Gang3 YIN Hongxiang3 |
1.College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611137, China;
2.Sichuan Green Food Development Center, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China;
3.College of Ethnomedicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611137, China |
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Abstract Objective To study the acute toxicity of Prunus mira oil used in mice, rats and rabbits. Methods 40 KM mice which were half male and half female were divided into blank control group and Prumus mira oil group, each group had 20 mice. Within 24 hours, the mice were given normal saline and Prumus mira oil with one maximum dosage amounting to 289.224 g dried medicinal herbs/(kg·d) in a total of 3 times through mouth. 40 SD rats which were half male and half female were divided into blank control group and Prumus mira oil group, each group had 20 mice. Within 24 hours, the rats were also given normal saline and Prumus mira oil with one maximum dosage of 144.612 g dried medicinal herbs/(kg·d) in a total of 3 times in the same way. 16 New Zealand rabbits which were half male and half female were divided into blank control group and Prumus mira oil group, each group had 8 rabbits. Within 24 hours, the rabbits were given normal saline and Prumus mira oil with one maximum amount of 482.28 mg dried medicinal herbs/(cm2·d) 3 times through skin. And the toxic effects (death, poisoning symptoms) and the severity and recovery, as well as delayed reaction shown on these three animals were carefully observed within 14 days. Results There was no death, poisoning symptoms and organ abnormality visible to the naked eye. Compared with the blank control group, the mice and rats produce loose stool and oily hair after being given medicine within 1-3 d, but return to normal in 4 d. Compared with the blank control group, weights were significantly increased in the male mice (P < 0.01), but significantly decreased in the male rats (P < 0.01) after taking Prunus mira oil of 7 d (P < 0.01), and the weights of female rabbits decreased significantly after taking Prunus mira oil of 2 d through skin (P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the feed consumption of mice in the Prumus mira oil group were decreased after 1 d medication (P < 0.01). Compared with the blank control group, the average hemoglobin concentration of mice in the Prumus mira oil group were abnormal (P < 0.05), but their blood biochemical indexes showed no obvious change. Some blood indexes [RDW-CV, PLT, PCT (P < 0.05) as well as Mid% (P < 0.01)] and blood biochemical indexes [ALB, TP, GLO, CHOL, BUN, T-Bil and TG (P < 0.05) as well as CREA (P < 0.01)] showed abnormalities in rats of the Prumus mira oil group. Certain blood indexes [PLT, GR#, PCT, Mid%, PDW, LY% and GR% (P < 0.05)] and blood biochemical indexes [AST and CREA (P < 0.05)] showed abnormalities in rabbits of the Prumus mira oil group. Conclusion Maximum dosage given to the mice and rats through mouth are respectively 289.224 g dried medicinal herbs/(kg·d) and 144.612 g dried medicinal herbs/(kg·d), while the maximum dosage given to the rabbits through skin is 482.28 mg dried medicinal herbs/(cm2·d). There is no security problem, but the blood routine and blood biochemistry indexes should be monitored during clinical application.
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