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| Relationship between the levels of T helper cells, NKT cells, NK cells and disease development and prognosis in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis |
| LI Lijuan |
| Department of Infectious Diseases, West China-Guang′an Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Guang′an 638000, China |
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Abstract Objective To study the relationship between the levels of T helper cells, natural killer T cells (NKT cell) natural killer cells (NK cell), and the development and prognosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods A total of 100 cases of tuberculosis patients admitted to the West China-Guang′an Hospital of Sichuan University ("our hospital" for short) from December 2015 to December 2016 were selected, and 100 healthy people in the same period were selected. According to the initial diagnosis and tuberculin status, they were divided into four groups (Groups Ⅰ~Ⅳ were the newly dianosed tuberculosis group, retrospective tuberculosis group, tuberculin-positiue health group, tuberculin-negative health group). Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression rates of peripheral blood T cells, NKT and NK cells in the four groups before treatment. Results Compared with group Ⅲ, the expression rate of NKT cells in group Ⅰ was significantly increased, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression rates of T cells and NK cells between the two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with group Ⅳ, the expression rate of NKT cells in group Ⅰ was significantly increased, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression rates of T cells and NK cells between the two groups (P > 0.05); Compared with group Ⅱ, the T cell expression rate was significantly increased, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the expression rate of NKT cells and NK cells between the two groups (P > 0.05); group Ⅲ and Ⅳ There was no significant difference in the expression rate of T cells, NK and NKT cells (P > 0.05). The expression rates of T cells in the mild, moderate and severe subgroups of group Ⅰ were statistically significant (P < 0.05), and the expression rate was: severe group > middle group > moderate mild group. There was no significant difference in the expression rates of NKT cells and NK cells between the three subgroups (P > 0.05). A total of 100 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were followed up for 6 months after treatment, 2 cases of sputum re-yang, 1 case of lesions worsened, and the rest did not relapse. Conclusion The level of T cell expression in newly diagnosed patients is comparable to that of healthy individuals and is associated with disease severity. The expression rate of T cells was significantly increased in the patients who were reviewed. NKT cell expression increased in active tuberculosis patients. Therefore, NK and T cell assays can aid in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis.
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