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| A case of cloacogenic carcinoma at one point with literature review |
| LI Ning1 WANG Xin2 WEI Ming1 WANG Yuanyuan1 JIANG Xia1 LI Zhongxin1 |
1.Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050000, China;
2.Department of Pathology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050000, China |
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Abstract Cloacogenic carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the anal canal, originating from the embryonic persistent cloaca remnant. This tumor has significant histological heterogeneity and can be manifested as a variety of histological types such as transitional cell carcinoma, basal-like squamous cell carcinoma， and adenoid cystic carcinoma, which is easy to be misdiagnosed clinically. In this paper, a case of cloacogenic carcinoma patient admitted to the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University in March 2022 was retrospectively analyzed， the main symptoms were anal distension, blood in stool, and increased frequency of stool and other symptoms, a neoplasms of mass type was seen near the anal margin of the rectum under endoscopy, and tumor angiogenesis was observed. The preoperative biopsy pathology showed low differentiation adenocarcinoma, and the postoperative pathological results showed cloacogenic carcinoma. The human papilloma virus test was positive, and the cervical examination showed no abnormalities. Postoperative radiotherapy (DT6000cGy/30f) was performed. After six months of follow-up, the patient had no signs of tumor recurrence. This case was misdiagnosed as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma before surgery, which is related to the lack of recognition of the disease by clinicians. In order to improve the understanding of the disease, this article reviewed the literature from histopathological features, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and current progress of diagnosis and treatment.
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