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| Research advances in drugs targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress for treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus |
| ZHANG Ziyang1 WANG Li2 CHEN Chunlin1 ZHANG Mengjun1 |
1.Teaching and Research Section of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China;
2.Teaching and Research Section of Immunology, Basic Medical College, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Abstract Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease. Currently, there is a lack of radical treatment for T1DM. Endoplasmic reticulum stress is an important pathological feature of the early onset of T1DM and an important factor promoting its occurrence and development. Pathological endoplasmic reticulum stress is a new target for the treatment of T1DM. Drugs targeting pathological endoplasmic reticulum stress are conducive to restoring the quantity and quality of pancreatic β cells, so as to treat T1DM. Accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum in islet β cells induces endoplasmic reticulum stress, which in turn activates three classical pathways of excessive unfolded protein response: inositol-requiring enzyme 1, proteinkinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase, and activating transcription factor-6 pathways. This article reviews the progress of drug research targeting these three pathways and folded or misfolded proteins for the treatment of T1DM.
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