|
|
|
| Research progress of autophagy in sepsis muscle atrophy |
| LIN Dawei WU Jin JIANG Peng▲#br# |
| Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu Province, Zhenjiang 212001, China |
|
|
|
Abstract Sepsis muscle atrophy is one of the serious complications of sepsis, which seriously affects the motor system and respiratory function. Studies have shown that sepsis can induce muscle atrophy through a variety of pathways, including muscle protein metabolism disorders, mitochondrial damage, inflammation, and so on. Autophagy is an important pathway of substance metabolism. Normally, autophagy protects cells by degrading harmful substances in cells. But the disease process can have different effects. At present, the advantages and disadvantages of autophagy on sepsis muscular atrophy are still controversial. Autophagy can promote muscle atrophy through metabolic pathways, and also inhibit muscle atrophy through mitochondrial autophagy and other pathways. This review aims to explore the effect of autophagy on sepsis muscle atrophy and provide new ideas for clinical treatment.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] Shankar-Hari M，Phillips GS，Levy ML，et al. Developing a New Definition and Assessing New Clinical Criteria for Septic Shock：For the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock（Sepsis-3）[J]. JAMA，2016，315（8）：775.
[2] Zhang J，Zhao X，Wang A. Early rehabilitation to prevent post-intensive care syndrome in critical illness patients：a Meta-analysis [J]. Zhonghua wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue，2019，31：1008-1012.
[3] Callahan LA，Supinski GS. Sepsis-induced myopathy [J]. Crit Care Med，2009，37（10 Suppl）：S354-S367.
[4] Jonghe B，bastuji-garin S，Durand MC，et al. Respiratory weakness is associated with limb weakness and delayed weaning in critical illness [J]. Crit Care Med，2007，35：2007- 2015.
[5] Feng Y，He D，Yao Z，et al. The machinery of macroautophagy [J]. Cell Res，2014，24（1）：24-41.
[6] Zhu C，Yao R，Li L，et al. Mechanism of Mitophagy and Its Role in Sepsis Induced Organ Dysfunction：A Review [J]. Front Cell Dev Biol，2021，9：664896.
[7] Chen Y，Klionsky DJ. The regulation of autophagy-unanswered questions [J]. J Cell Sci，2011，124（Pt 2）：161-170.
[8] Lang CH，Nystrom GJ，Frost RA. Local IGF-Ⅰ Prevents Sepsis-Induced Muscle Atrophy [J]. FASEB J，2009，23（S1）: 991.18.
[9] Dutt V，Gupta S，Dabur R，et al. Skeletal muscle atrophy：Potential therapeutic agents and their mechanisms of action [J]. Pharmacol Res，2015，99：86-100.
[10] Cohen S，Nathan JA，Goldberg AL. Muscle wasting in disease：molecular mechanisms and promising therapies [J]. Nat Rev Drug Discov，2015，14（1）：58-74.
[11] Fischer D，Gang G，Pritts T，et al. Sepsis-Induced Muscle Proteolysis Is Prevented by a Proteasome Inhibitor in Vivo [J].Biochem Biophys Res Commun，2000，270（1）：215-221.
[12] Wasyluk W，Zwolak A. Metabolic Alterations in Sepsis [J]. J Clin Med，2021，10（11）：2412.
[13] Doyle A，Zhang G，Fattah EAA，et al. Toll-like receptor 4 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced muscle catabolism via coordinate activation of ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome pathways [J]. FASEB J，2011，25（1）：99-110.
[14] Morel J，Palao JC，Castells J，et al. Regulation of Akt- mTOR，ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome pathways in locomotor and respiratory muscles during experimental sepsis in mice [J]. Sci Rep，2017，7（1）：10866.
[15] Laplante M，Sabatini DM. mTOR Signaling in Growth Control and Disease [J]. Cell，2012，149（2）：274-293.
[16] Shi M，Hu Z，Zhang X，et al. AMPK activation suppresses mTOR/S6K1 phosphorylation and induces leucine resistance in rats with sepsis [J]. Cell Biol Int，2020，44（5）：1133- 1141.
[17] Costelli P，Baccino FM. Mechanisms of skeletal muscle depletion in wasting syndromes：role of ATP-ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis [J]. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care，2003，6（4）：407-412.
[18] Thoma A，Lightfoot AP. NF-κB and Inflammatory Cytokine Signalling：Role in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy [J]. Adv Exp Med Biol，2018，1088：267-279.
[19] Protti A，Carré J，Frost MT，et al. Succinate recovers mitochondrial oxygen consumption in septic rat skeletal muscle [J]. Crit Care Med，2007，35（9）：2150-2155.
[20] Neel BA，Lin Y，Pessin JE. Skeletal muscle autophagy：a new metabolic regulator [J]. Trends Endocrinol Metab，2013， 24（12）：635-643.
[21] Mofarrahi M，Sigala I，Guo Y，et al. Autophagy and Skeletal Muscles in Sepsis [J]. PLoS One，2012，7（10）：e47265.
[22] Kishta OA，Guo Y，Mofarrahi M，et al. Pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection induces autophagy and proteasome proteolytic pathways in skeletal muscles：effects of a pressurized whey protein-based diet in mice [J]. Food Nutr Res，2017，61（1）：1325309.
[23] Rossignol B，Gueret G，Pennec JP，et al. Effects of chronic sepsis on contractile properties of fast twitch muscle in an experimental model of critical illness neuromyopathy in the rat [J]. Crit Care Med，2008，36（6）：1855-1863.
[24] Stana F，Vujovic M，Mayaki D，et al. Differential Regulation of the Autophagy and Proteasome Pathways in Skeletal Muscles in Sepsis [J]. Crit Care Med，2017，45（9）：e971- e979.
[25] Zhang Y，Gu L，Zhu N，et al. Calpain 6 inhibits autophagy in inflammatory environments：A preliminary study on myoblasts and a chronic kidney disease rat model [J]. Int J Mol Med，2021，48（4）：194.
[26] Ono Y，Maejima Y，Saito M，et al. TAK-242，a specific inhibitor of Toll-like receptor 4 signalling，prevents endotoxemia-induced skeletal muscle wasting in mice [J]. Sci Rep，2020，10（1）：694.
[27] Cao C，Gao T，Cheng M，et al. Mild hypothermia ameliorates muscle wasting in septic rats associated with hypothalamic AMPK-induced autophagy and neuropeptides [J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun，2017，490（3）：882-888.
[28] Yoshida T，Galvez S，Tiwari S，et al. Angiotensin Ⅱ Inhibits Satellite Cell Proliferation and Prevents Skeletal Muscle Regeneration [J]. J Biol Chem，2013，288（33）：23823- 23832.
[29] Cisternas F，Morales MG，Meneses C，et al. Angiotensin-（1-7） decreases skeletal muscle atrophy induced by angiotensin Ⅱ through a Mas receptor-dependent mechanism [J]. Clin Sci（Lond），2015，128（5）：307-319.
[30] Rivera JC，Abrigo J，Tacchi F，et al. Angiotensin-（1-7） Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Autophagy via the Mas Receptor in Skeletal Muscle [J]. Int J Mol Sci，2020，21（24）：9344.
[31] Qiu P，Liu Y，Zhang J. Review：the Role and Mechanisms of Macrophage Autophagy in Sepsis [J]. Inflammation，2019， 42（1）：6-19.
[32] Wu Y，Yao YM，Lu ZQ. Mitochondrial quality control mechanisms as potential therapeutic targets in sepsis-induced multiple organ failure [J]. J Mol Med（Berl），2019，97（4）：451-462.
[33] Komatsu M，Ichimura Y. Selective autophagy regulates various cellular functions [J]. Genes to cells，2010，15（9）：923- 933.
[34] Leduc-Gaudet JP，Mayaki D，Reynaud O，et al. Parkin Overexpression Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Muscle Wasting [J]. Cells，2020，9（6）：1454.
[35] Varela L，Horvath TL. Leptin and insulin pathways in POMC and AgRP neurons that modulate energy balance and glucose homeostasis [J]. EMBO reports，2012，13（12）：1079- 1086.
[36] Cheng M，Gao T，Xi F，et al. Dexmedetomidine ameliorates muscle wasting and attenuates the alteration of hypothalamic neuropeptides and inflammation in endotoxemic rats [J]. PLoS One，2017，12（3）：e0174894.
[37] Alirezaei M，Kemball CC，Flynn CT，et al. Short-term fasting induces profound neuronal autophagy [J]. Autophagy，2010，6（6）：702-710.
[38] Cao C，Gao T，Cheng Y，et al. Hypothalamic AMPK-induced autophagy ameliorates hypercatabolism in septic rats by regulating POMC expression [J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun，2018，497（4）：1089-1096.
[39] Crowell KT，Soybel DI，Lang CH. Restorative Mechanisms Regulating Protein Balance in Skeletal Muscle During Recovery From Sepsis [J]. Shock，2017，47（4）：463-473.
[40] Mizushima N，Yamamoto A，Matsui M，et al. In Vivo Analysis of Autophagy in Response to Nutrient Starvation Using Transgenic Mice Expressing a Fluorescent Autophagosome Marker [J]. Mol Biol Cell，2004，15（3）：1101-1111.
[41] Hernandez-García A，Manjarín R，Suryawan A，et al. Amino acids，independent of insulin，attenuate skeletal muscle autophagy in neonatal pigs during endotoxemia [J]. Pediatr Res，2016，80（3）：448-451.
[42] 王茂生，林新锋，陈伟焘.针刺减缓脓毒症引起肌肉萎缩的病例报道[J].中医药导报，2019，25（14）：92-93.
[43] 吴梦佳，唐成林，赵丹丹，等.电针对失神经大鼠骨骼肌自噬相关基因表达的影响[J].中国康复理论与实践，2018，24（3）：260-265. |
|
|
|
