儿童甲型流感合并不同并发症的临床特征及其危险因素分析

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Abstract Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of children with influenza A complicated with different complications. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 1985 children under 18 years of age who were treated in the Infection Emergency Eepartment of Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical University from December 2018 to February 2019, and the age distribution and clinical characteristics of children with influenza A complicated with different complications were analyzed, multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of different diseases associated with influenza A in children. Results Among the 437 children with influenza A complicated with other diseases, neurological diseases were the most common (10.8%), followed by pneumonia (8.0%) and bacterial infection (7.2%). The proportion of influenza-related complications was highest in children aged 1-3 years, few neurological complications occurred in children younger than 6 months, and the proportion of pneumonia was highest in children aged 1-2 years. Except for the complicated bacterial infection group, there were statistically significant differences in age distribution between the other complication groups and the simple influenza group (P < 0.05). The median age in the complication group was significantly lower than that in the simple influenza group, while the proportion of boys, the time of first visit > 48 h, the time of first nueraminidase inhibitor (NAI) > 48 h, and complicated underlying diseases were significantly higher than those in simple influenza group (P < 0.05). Age, sex, underlying diseases, and time of first NAI > 48 h were the risk factors of children with influenza complicated with different complications (OR > 1, P < 0.05). Compared with children aged 5-17 years, the risk of influenza-related complications in other age groups were significantly higher, and the risk of complications in children aged 1-3 years was 3.330 times higher than that in children aged 5-17 years. The risk of neurological complications in children aged 1-5 years was higher, and the risk of neurological complications in children with underlying diseases was 4.691 times higher than that in children without underlying diseases (P < 0.05). The risk of pneumonia was higher in 0-3 years old, male, complicated with underlying diseases and time of first NAI > 48 h (P < 0.05). However, influenza complicated with bacterial infection mostly occurred in children under 5 years old, combined with underlying diseases and time of first NAI > 48 h were independent risk factors (P < 0.05). Conclusion Nervous system diseases, pneumonia and bacterial infection are the most common complications of influenza in children. Male, children under 5 years old, complicated with underlying diseases and delayed antiviral treatment for more than 48 h after onset are the high risk factors of influenza complicated with other diseases.

Key words： Influenza A Complications Children Risk factors

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	LIU Yang1 WANG Aibin2 SONG Meihua2 WANG Caiying1 ZHANG Yanlan1 PANG Lin1▲

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LIU Yang1 WANG Aibin2 SONG Meihua2 WANG Caiying1 ZHANG Yanlan1 PANG Lin1▲. Clinical characteristics and risk factors of children with influenza A complicated with different complications#br#[J]. 中国医药导报, 2021, 18(33): 102-106.

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https://www.yiyaodaobao.com.cn/EN/ OR https://www.yiyaodaobao.com.cn/EN/Y2021/V18/I33/102

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