Diagnostic value of olfactory tests in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment in China
GUO Wenjing1 ZHAO Aonan2 YAN Yi2 QIU Yinghui2 DENG Yulei1#br#
1.Encephalopathy Center, Shanghai Luwan Branch, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200020, China; 2.Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
Abstract Objective To explore the diagnostic value of olfactory detection in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods In this cross-sectional study, 75 patients with MCI, 75 patients with AD and 50 healthy subjects(HC group) admitted to the Department of Neurology of Ruijin Hospital from June 2016 to October 2019 were collected. The 16-item odor identification test from sniffin sticks (SS-16) was used as the main olfactory evaluation tool. The score of the test was used as the index to evaluate the subjects’ olfactory function, and the cognitive function in various cognitive fields, such as memory, orientation and operational ability, was assessed by the scale. Results The scores of mini mental state examination (MMSE), Montreal cognitive scale (MoCA), and SS-16 in AD group were lower than those in HC and MCI group, while the scores of MMSE, MoCA, and SS-16 in MCI group were lower than those in HC group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The ADL score in AD group was higher than that in HC group and MCI group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The accuracy of orange, leather, cinnamon, mint, banana, lemon, licorice, garlic, coffee, fenise, and fish in AD group were lower than that in HC and MCI groups; the accuracy of pineapple was lower than that in HC group; the accuracy of cinnamon and garlic in MCI group was lower than that in HC group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the cut-off value of odor recognition score between AD and HC was 10 scores, the sensitivity was 88% and the specificity was 74%. The cut-off value of AD and MCI was 8 scores, the sensitivity was 56%, and the specificity was 90%. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age and MMSE score were related to SS-16 (P＜0.05). Conclusion SS-16 is an effective tool for olfactory assessment in Chinese patients with AD, and anosmia is related to cognitive decline in patients with MCI.
GUO Wenjing1 ZHAO Aonan2 YAN Yi2 QIU Yinghui2 DENG Yulei1. Diagnostic value of olfactory tests in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment in China[J]. 中国医药导报, 2023, 20(2): 60-64.
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