早发型重度子痫前期患者有无合并慢性高血压期待治疗的临床对比分析

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摘要目的分析慢性高血压并发早发型重度子痫前期（CHEOSP）与单纯早发型重度子痫前期（EOSP）患者期待治疗时间、影响因素及母婴结局的差异。方法选取2018年1月—2020年1月安徽医科大学附属妇幼保健院收治的单胎EOSP患者493例作为研究对象，根据有无并发慢性高血压分为CHEOSP组（A组）98例和单纯EOSP组（B组）395例。比较两组患者一般情况、期待治疗时间、影响因素及母婴结局。结果 A组经产妇所占比例、收缩压、舒张压均高于B组，血尿酸低于B组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。孕龄<28周，A组确诊孕龄、分娩孕龄短于B组，期待治疗时间长于B组，差异有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）；孕龄28～<32周，A组期待治疗时间、分娩孕龄长于B组，差异有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）；孕龄32～33+6周，A组确诊孕龄短于B组，期待治疗时间、分娩孕龄长于B组，差异有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。A组低蛋白血症、胸腹水发生率低于B组，胎儿生长受限、胎儿窘迫发生率高于B组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。Pearson积矩相关显示，A、B两组期待治疗时间均与血浆白蛋白水平呈正相关（r = 0.800、0.780，P ＜ 0.01），与24 h尿蛋白水平呈负相关（r = -0.398、-0.433，P ＜ 0.01）。结论 CHEOSP患者较单纯EOSP患者期待治疗时间长，在疾病本身基础上未增加各种严重并发症，但在期待治疗过程中应关注血浆白蛋白水平和胸腹水等并发症的发生，其可能造成妊娠的终止。

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	刘敏王海霞陈先侠

关键词 ：单纯早发型重度子痫前期, 慢性高血压, 早发型重度子痫前期, 期待治疗时间, 影响因素, 母婴结局

Abstract：Objective To analyze the differences of expected treatment time, influencing factors and maternal and infant outcomes between patients with chronic hypertension complicated with early onset severe preeclampsia (CHEOSP) and patients with early onset severe preeclampsia (EOSP). Methods Four hundred and ninety-three cases of singleton EOSP patients admitted to Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected as research objects. They were divided into CHEOSP group (group A) with 98 cases and EOSP group (group B) with 395 cases according to whether complicated with chronic hypertension. The general situation, expected treatment time, influencing factors and maternal and infant outcomes of two groups were compared. Results The proportion of multipara, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in group A were higher than those in group B, and serum uric acid in group A was lower than that in group B, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Gestational age less than 28 weeks, the gestational age and delivery gestational age of group A were shorter than those of group B, and expected treatment time of group A was longer than that of group B, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Gestational age from 28 to 32 weeks, expected treatment time and delivery gestational age of group A were longer than those of group B, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Gestational age from 32 to 33+6 weeks, the gestational age of group A was shorter than that of group B, and expected treatment time and delivery gestational age of group A were longer than those of group B (P < 0.05). The incidence rate of hypoproteinemia, hydrothorax and ascites in group A were lower than those in group B, and the incidence rate of fetal growth restriction and fetal distress in group A were higher than those in group B (P < 0.05). Pearson product moment correlation showed that expected treatment time of group A and B was positively correlated with plasma albumin level (r = 0.800, 0.780, P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with 24 hours urinary protein level (r = -0.398, -0.433, P < 0.01). Conclusion Patients with CHEOSP have longer expected treatment time than those with EOSP alone, there is no serious complication on the basis of the disease itself. However, in the course of expected treatment, we should pay attention to the level of plasma albumin and the occurrence of complications such as pleural effusion and ascites. It may cause the termination of pregnancy.

Key words： Simple early onset severe preeclampsia Chronic hypertension Early onset severe preeclampsia Expected treatment time Influencing factors Maternal and infant outcome

基金资助:安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目（1804h080202 95）。

通讯作者: 陈先侠（1969-），女，主任医师，硕士生导师；研究方向：高危妊娠。

作者简介: 刘敏（1994-），女，安徽医科大学2018级妇产科学专业在读硕士研究生；研究方向：高危妊娠。

引用本文:

刘敏王海霞陈先侠. 早发型重度子痫前期患者有无合并慢性高血压期待治疗的临床对比分析[J]. 中国医药导报, 2021, 18(11): 91-95.
LIU Min WANG Haixia CHEN Xianxia. Clinical comparative analysis of patients with early onset severe preeclampsia with or without chronic hypertension expectant treatment. 中国医药导报, 2021, 18(11): 91-95.

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