Abstract:The third space of the digestive tract refers to the space in the wall of the digestive tract, which can be exposed only after endoscopic dissection and dissection, and interstitial tissue and interstitial fluid exist in it. The diagnosis and treatment technology of the third space is a minimally invasive technology developed on the basis of the endoscopy. The third space has important implications for some digestive system diseases diagnosis, such as gastrointestinal submucosal lesion biopsy, interstitial fluid detection, etc. At the same time, the third space also has the therapeutic value of diseases, such as endoscopic surgery, laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery, micro-device and drug pump implantation, digestive tract micro-plastic surgery, etc. This article reviews the progress of diagnosis and treatment of the third space.
陈思玮 厉英超. 消化道第三空间的诊治进展[J]. 中国医药导报, 2021, 18(5): 37-40.
CHEN Siwei LI Yingchao. Progress in diagnosis and treatment of the third space of digestive tract. 中国医药导报, 2021, 18(5): 37-40.
[1] Inoue H,Maydeo A. Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) opens the door of third-space endoscopy [J]. Endoscopy,2019,51(11):1010-1012.
[2] Benias PC,Wells RG,Sackey-Aboagye B,et al. Structure and Distribution of an Unrecognized Interstitium in Human Tissues [J]. Sci Rep,2018,8(1):4947.
[3] Takagi T,Irisawa A,Shibukawa G,et al. Intraductal ultrasonographic anatomy of biliary varices in patients with portal hypertension [J]. Endosc Ultrasound,2015,4(1):44-51.
[4] Menge F,Jakob J,Kasper B,et al. Clinical Presentation of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors [J]. Visc Med,2018,34(5):335-340.
[5] Patil S,Majumdar B,Sarode SC,et al. ‘Third Space’ Perspective on Redefining Oral Pathology:Hypothetical Considerations [J]. J Contemp Dent Pract,2018,19(11):1293-1294.
[6] Manolakis AC,Inoue H,Ueno A,et al. 2007-2019:a “Third”-Space Odyssey in the Endoscopic Management of Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases [J]. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol,2019,17(2):202-220.
[7] Huang Y,Deng X,Liang J. Review of the Application of Nanovesicles and the Human Interstitial Fluid in Gastrointestinal Premalignant Lesion Detection,Diagnosis,Prognosis and Therapy [J]. Int J Nanomedicine,2019,14:9469-9482.
[8] Parikh MP,Gupta NM,Sanaka MR. Esophageal Third Space Endoscopy:Recent Advances [J]. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol,2019,17(1):63-75.
[9] Inoue H,Minami H,Kobayashi Y,et al. Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for esophageal achalasia [J]. Endoscopy,2010,42(4):265-271.
[10] Bapaye A,Wagholikar G,Jog S,et al. Per rectal endoscopic myotomy for the treatment of adult Hirschsprung’s disease:First human case(with video)[J]. Dig Endosc,2016,28(6):680-684.
[11] Inoue H,Ueno A,Shimamura Y,et al. Peroral endoscopic myotomy and fundoplication:a novel NOTES procedure [J]. Endoscopy,2019,51(2):161-164.
[12] Bapaye A,Korrapati SK,Dharamsi S,et al. Third Space Endoscopy:Lessons Learnt From a Decade of Submucosal Endoscopy [J]. J Clin Gastroenterol,2020,54(2):114-129.
[13] Dumoulin FL,Hildenbrand R. Endoscopic resection techniques for colorectal neoplasia:Current developments [J]. World J Gastroenterol,2019,25(3):300-307.
[14] Nishizawa T,Yahagi N. Long-Term Outcomes of Using Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection to Treat Early Gastric Cancer [J]. Gut Liver,2018,12(2):119-124.
[15] Aadam AA,Abe S. Endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial esophageal cancer [J]. Dis Esophagus,2018, 31(7):doy021.
[16] Greenleaf EK,Winder JS,Hollenbeak CS,et al. Cost-effectiveness of per oral endoscopic myotomy relative to laparoscopic Heller myotomy for the treatment of achalasia [J]. Surg Endosc,2018,32(1):39-45.
[17] Costantini A,Familiari P,Costantini M,et al. Poem Versus Laparoscopic Heller Myotomy in the Treatment of Esophageal Achalasia:A Case-Control Study from Two High Volume Centers Using the Propensity Score [J]. J Gastrointest Surg,2020,24(3):505-515.
[18] Brieau B,Leblanc S,Bordacahar B,et al. Submucosal tunneling endoscopic septum division for Zenker’s diverticulum:a reproducible procedure for endoscopists who perform peroral endoscopic myotomy [J]. Endoscopy,2017,49(6):613-614.
[19] Xu MD,Cai MY,Zhou PH,et al. Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection:a new technique for treating upper GI submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer(with videos)[J]. Gastrointest Endosc,2012,75(1):195-199.
[20] Chai N,Du C,Gao Y,et al. Comparison between submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection and video-assisted thoracoscopic enucleation for esophageal submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer:a randomized controlled trial [J]. Surg Endosc,2018,32(7):3364-3372.
[21] Hu JW,Zhang C,Chen T,et al. Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection for the treatment of rectal submucosal tumors originating from the muscular propria layer [J]. J Cancer Res Ther,2014,10 Suppl:281-286.
[22] Hiki N,Nunobe S,Matsuda T,et al. Laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery [J]. Dig Endosc,2015,27(2):197-204.
[23] Wang H,Cao L,Zheng K,et al. Laparoscopic Endoscopic Cooperative Surgery for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors [J]. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech,2018,28(6):354-358.
[24] Matsuda T,Nunobe S,Kosuga T,et al. Laparoscopic and luminal endoscopic cooperative surgery can be a standard treatment for submucosal tumors of the stomach:a retrospective multicenter study [J]. Endoscopy,2017,49(5):476-483.
[25] Shi F,Li Y,Pan Y,et al. Clinical feasibility and safety of third space robotic and endoscopic cooperative surgery for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors dissection :A new surgical technique for treating gastric GISTs [J]. Surg Endosc,2019,33(12):4192-4200.
[26] Hajer J,Novák M. Development of an Autonomous Endoscopically Implantable Submucosal Microdevice Capable of Neurostimulation in the Gastrointestinal Tract [J]. Gastroenterol Res Pract,2017,2017:8098067.
[27] Hajer J,Novák M,Rosina J. Wirelessly Powered Endoscopically Implantable Devices into the Submucosa as the Possible Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease [J]. Gastroenterol Res Pract,2019,2019:7459457.
[28] Hajer J,Novák M. Autonomous and Rechargeable Microneurostimulator Endoscopically Implantable into the Submucosa [J]. J Vis Exp,2018(139):57268.
[29] Dukhin SS,Labib ME. Hydrodynamically-driven drug release during interstitial flow through hollow fibers implanted near lymphatics [J]. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp,2017,521:177-192.
[30] Roark R,Sydor M,Chatila AT,et al. Management of gastroesophageal reflux disease [J]. Dis Mon,2020,66(1):100849.
[31] Wald A. Diagnosis and Management of Fecal Incontinence [J]. Curr Gastroenterol Rep,2018,20(3):9.