Effects of HPV infection on cervical immune microenviroment
GUI Fang1 HUANG Juan1 YANG Daqing2 LIU Liyan1
1.School of Laboratory Medicine, Hu′nan University of Medicine, Hu′nan Province, Huaihua 418000, China;
2.Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Medicine, Hu′nan Province, Huaihua 418000, China
Abstract：Objective To compare the changes of cervical local cytokines and vaginal microecological indicators after the infection of high-risk and low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), and to analyze the effects of different HPV infections on the cervical local immune microenvironment. Methods Collection in March 2017 to July 2018 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hu′nan University of Medicine Outpatient Clinic women specimens of cervical and vaginal secretions was carried out, PCR - reverse dot hybridization method was used to detect HPV, according to the results, the 155 cases were divided into high risk type HPV group(55 cases), low-risk HPV group (40 cases) and control group (60 cases), who were not infected with HPV. Cervical cell preservation solution enzyme linked immunosorbent test was carried out in the gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin 4 (IL-4) and IL-21 content, and according to the national clinical inspection procedures, the fungi, vaginal trichomoniasis, clue cell, cleanliness, and pH checks were carried out. Results Compared with the control group and low-risk HPV group, the content of IFN-γ and IL-21 in high-risk HPV group was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.01), but the content of IL-4 was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.01). Compared with the control group, the IFN-γ content of low-risk HPV group was significantly reduced (P ＜ 0.01), but the difference between IL-4 and IL-21 was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05). After correlation analysis, IL-21 was positively correlated with IFN-γ content in high-risk HPV group, low-risk HPV group and control group (r = 0.74, P ＜ 0.01), r = 0.70, P ＜ 0.01; r = 0.66, P ＜ 0.01), IL-4 and IFN-γ contents in the high-risk and low-risk HPV groups were negatively correlated (r = -0.33, P ＜ 0.05; r = -0.44, P ＜ 0.01); IL-21 was negatively correlated with IL-4 in the high-risk HPV group (r = -0.30, P ＜ 0.05). In addition, there were no statistically significant differences among the three groups in microecological indicators such as fungi, vaginal trichomonas, clue cells, cleanliness and pH (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion High-risk HPV is more likely to cause abnormal expression of local IL-4 and IFN-γ in the cervix after HPV infection than low-risk HPV infection, which may be related to the low expression of IL-21 with immune-promoting effect. Therefore, it is very important to maintain the local normal immune microenvironment in the cervix and restore the immune regulatory function of the body to remove HPV and block the continuous infection of HPV.
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2019, Vol. 16 
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