2016年我国北方地区孕妇维生素A、E营养状况调查

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摘要目的了解我国北方地区六省（直辖市）2016年孕妇维生素A、E水平，评价孕妇的营养状况，为指导孕妇合理补充及膳食提供依据。方法分别选取2016年1～12月河北省、河南省、黑龙江省、山西省、陕西省、天津市等六省（直辖市）的1家市级以上妇产专科医院进行孕妇维生素A、E营养状况调查。采用高效液相色谱法检测21 932例血清维生素A水平和血清维生素E（20 243例）水平。结果 ①2016年，我国北方地区孕妇维生素A平均水平为（0.43±0.10）mg/L，以缺乏和边缘缺乏为主要表现，检出率为7.3%。天津市缺乏及边缘缺乏比例最高（17.3%），其次是黑龙江省（12.9%）、河北省（6.1%）、河南省（4.5%）、山西省（4.1%）。陕西省检出率最低，为3.1%。对于≥35岁高龄孕妇，维生素A缺乏及边缘缺乏检出率（6.4%）低于＜35岁孕妇人群（7.4%）。②我国北方地区孕妇维生素E平均水平为（12.90±4.18）mg/L，以过量为主要表现，检出率为6.2%。其中，天津市过量检出率最高（25.2%），其次是河南省（5.3%）、陕西省（4.3%）、山西省（1.8%）和黑龙江省（1.6%），河北省检出率最低（0.4%）。≥35岁高龄孕妇维生素E过量检出率（10.3%）高于＜35岁孕妇人群（5.7%）。缺乏情况罕见。不同地区及不同年龄段孕妇维生素A和维生素E检出率比较差异有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。结论 2016年，我国北方地区孕妇维生素A和维生素E的水平在北方各省市间以及不同年龄段间存在明显差异，维生素A缺乏及维生素E过量在孕妇中普遍存在。

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	李浩倪君君郑春梅▲

关键词 ：北方地区, 孕妇, 营养状况, 维生素A, 维生素E, 缺乏, 过量, 检测

Abstract：Objective To investigate the levels of vitamin A and E and evaluate the nutritional status of Chinese northern pregnant women, in order to provide the evidence of vitamin complement and diet for the pregnant women. Methods A survey of vitamin A and vitamin E of pregnant women was performed in maternity hospital (at or above municipal level) in six provinces, including Hebei, He′nan, Heilongjiang, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Tianjin from January to December 2016. The levels of serum vitamin A (21 932 cases) and E (20 243 cases) were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Results ①In 2016, the average level of vitamin A in pregnant women in northern of China was (0.43±0.10) mg/L, with the deficiency and marginal deficiency as the main manifestations, and the detection rate was 7.3%. Tianjin had the highest proportion of deficiency and marginal deficiency (17.3%), followed by Heilongjiang (12.9%), Hebei (6.1%), He′nan (4.5%) and Shanxi (4.1%). Shaanxi had the lowest detection rate (3.1%). For the pregnant women older than 35 years, the detection rate of vitamin A deficiency and marginal deficiency (6.4%) was lower than pregnant women under 35 years of age (7.4%). ②The average level of vitamin E in pregnant women in northern China was (12.90±4.18) mg/L, with overdose as the main manifestation, the overdose detection rate was 6.2%. Among them, Tianjin has the highest detection rate (25.2%), followed by He′nan (5.3%), Shaanxi (4.3%), Shanxi (1.8%) and Heilongjiang (1.6%), and Hebei had the lowest detection rate (0.4%). The detection rate of vitamin E overdose in pregnant ≥35 years old (10.3%) was higher than that pregnant women ＜35 years old (5.7%). Vitamin E deficiency in pregnant women is rare. The differences in the detection rates of vitamin A and vitamin E in different regions and ages were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion In 2016, the levels of vitamin A and vitamin E in the serum of pregnant women in northern China show significant differences between different provinces in northern China and between different ages. Vitamin A deficiency and vitamin E overdose are common in pregnant women.

Key words： Northern China Pregnant women Nutrition status Vitamin A Vitamin E Deficiency Overdose Detection

基金资助:国家卫生计生委医药卫生科技发展研究中心项目（卫科发[2016]7号）。

通讯作者: ▲通讯作者

引用本文:

李浩倪君君郑春梅▲. 2016年我国北方地区孕妇维生素A、E营养状况调查[J]. 中国医药导报, 2019, 16(9): 64-67,82.
LI Hao NI Junjun ZHENG Chunmei▲. Study of vitamin A and E nutrition of Chinese northern pregnant women in 2016. 中国医药导报, 2019, 16(9): 64-67,82.

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http://www.yiyaodaobao.com.cn/CN/ 或 http://www.yiyaodaobao.com.cn/CN/Y2019/V16/I9/64

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