Analysis of depressive symptoms and influencing factors in elderly people in China
JIANG Qinqin1 LIU Lijuan1 ZHAO Zhe1 YUAN Lei1 WANG Bin2▲ SUN Jinhai1▲
1.Department of Health Management, Faculty of Health Services, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; 2.Department of Academic Affairs, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
Abstract：Objective To explore the depressive symptoms and influencing factors of the elderly in China. Methods The study used data from the 8th round of the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey (CLHLS) conducted in 2017—2018. CLHLS adopted multi-stage stratified sampling method. After screening the data according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 6 318 elderly people were finally included as study subjects. The study was conducted from five dimensions: dem- ographic characteristics, social support, lifestyle, health status, and economic status. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of depressive symptoms in elderly people in China. Results There were statistically significant differences in gender, body mass index(BMI), education level, smoking, drinking, exercise, marital status, residence status, annual income, health status, and place of residence among elderly people with different depressive symptoms (P ＜ 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI＜18.5 kg/m2 (OR=1.39, 95%CI: [1.15, 1.69]), widowed (OR=1.33, 95%CI: [1.06, 1.65]), and living alone (OR=1.35, 95%CI: [1.10, 1.66]) were risk factors for depressive symptoms in elderly people (P＜0.05). Exercise (OR=0.65, 95%CI: [0.53, 0.80]), good health (OR=0.22, 95%CI: 0.18, 0.27]), and affluence (OR=0.79, 95%CI: [0.64, 0.98]) were the protective factors (P＜0.05). Conclusion The likelihood of depressive symptoms in elderly people who are thin, widowed, and living alone is higher than that in elderly people who are of normal weight, married and living with their spouse, and living with their family. Exercise, good health, and affluence are less likely to cause depressive symptoms in elderly people than those who do not exercise, have poor health, and are very poor.
[1] 杜鹏，翟振武，陈卫.中国人口老龄化百年发展趋势[J].人口研究，2005，29（6）：92-95. [2] 罗淳.高龄化：老龄化的延续与演变[J].中国人口科学，2002（3）：35-42. [3] 罗淳.从老龄化到高龄化[D].成都：西南财经大学，2000. [4] United Nations. World population prospects：2022 [EB/OL]. [2023-04-10]. https：//population.un.org/wpp/. [5] 国家统计局.第七次全国人口普查公报[EB/OL].（2021- 05-11）[2023-04-10]. http：//www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-05/ 11/content_5605789.htm. [6] 周鼒，潘玲玲，方亚.老年人心理社会因素与抑郁症状发生风险关系[J].中国老年学志，2019，39（16）：4092-4094. [7] 沈宛颖，曾昱兴，李文豪，等.基于GBD大数据的中国抑郁负担现状和趋势分析[J].职业与健康，2021，37（8）：1087-1092. [8] Qin X，Wang S，Hsieh CR. The prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms among adults in China：Estimation based on a National Household Survey [J]. China Economic Review，2018，51：271-282. [9] 北京大学健康老龄与发展研究中心.中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查（CLHLS）-追踪数据（1998-2018）[EB/OL].（2020-04-03）[2022-01-10]. https：//doi.org/10.18170/DVN/ WBO7LK. [10] 林雪茹，郑超，杜茂林，等.中国老年人健康状况及影响因素分析——基于第8轮CLHLS数据[J].海军军医大学学报，2022，43（9）：1022-1028. [11] 孔宪焜，肖巧玲，李娟.老年抑郁症状相关因素的城乡比较[J].中国心理卫生杂志，2018，32（8）：648-655. [12] 张彧，张丽.社会参与在认知功能与老年抑郁关系中的调节作用[J].现代预防医学，2021，48（5）：876-879. [13] 万秋容，黄雅莲，毛晓雨，等.老年人抑郁现状及影响因素分析[J].中国医药导报，2022，19（8）：48-51，63. [14] 王丹，齐士格，王宝华，等.中国3省60岁及以上老年人抑郁情况及其影响因素研究[J].中华流行病学杂志，2022，43（12）：1925-1931. [15] Yuan L，Xu Q，Gui J，et al. Decomposition and comparative analysis of differences in depressive symptoms between urban and rural older adults：Evidence from a national survey [J]. Int Psychogeriatr，2023：1-12. [16] 常韵琪，郑晓，李咪咪，等.老年慢性病患者抑郁状态及影响因素城乡差异研究[J].中国全科医学，2021，24（10）：1254-1259. [17] 阚超杰，张晓.基于Fairlie分解法的城乡老年人抑郁状况差异研究[J].中华老年医学杂志，2020，39（6）：706- 710. [18] Fan X，Guo X，Ren Z，et al. The prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors in middle-aged and elderly Chinese people [J]. J Affect Disord，2021，293：222-228. [19] 许金鹏，康正，王海鑫，等.基于随机森林模型的我国老年人抑郁症状影响因素分析[J].医学与社会，2022，35（12）：85-92. [20] 王港，魏敏，傅宏.社会支持和自我老化态度在老年人日常生活活动能力与抑郁中的链式中介作用[J].护理学杂志，2021，36（3）：14-16. [21] 郑闪闪，门瑞雪，范志光，等.领悟社会支持对老年人抑郁的影响：乐观的中介和调节作用[J].中国老年学杂志，2021，41（16）：3557-3561. [22] Taqui AM，Itrat A，Qidwai W，et al. Depression in the elderly：does family system play a role?A cross-sectional study [J]. BMC Psychiatry，2007，7：57. [23] 李方，李梅，王莹.中国老年人抑郁症状现状及影响因素分析[J].国际精神病学杂志，2022，49（4）：612-615. [24] 郭静，徐艺珊，陈诗璐，等.我国60岁及以上老年人日常生活活动能力对抑郁状况的影响[J].中华流行病学杂志，2022，43（2）：213-217. [25] 吴霜，张坊钰，臧召燕，等.中国老年人抑郁和生活满意度现状及影响因素分析[J].郑州大学学报（医学版），2019，54（1）：88-92.
2023, Vol. 20 
京公网安备 11010502046598号