巨噬细胞极化在动脉粥样硬化病理过程中分子机制的研究进展

doi:10.20047/j.issn1673-7210.2023.26.08

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摘要巨噬细胞是动脉粥样硬化发展过程中重要的免疫细胞之一，其表型及功能对于动脉粥样硬化发生发展具有重要决定作用，其中M1型巨噬细胞通过破坏其线粒体功能，促进糖酵解代谢及活性氧释放，干扰巨噬细胞脂质代谢平衡，维持和扩大炎症反应，降低巨噬细胞清除吞噬坏死细胞能力，加速坏死核心形成和不稳定斑块破裂发生。而M2型巨噬细胞则具有维持线粒体正常呼吸功能，促进氧化磷酸化代谢，增强胞内脂质流出，减轻炎症反应，修复受损组织并清理坏死细胞，维持斑块稳定性等方式抑制动脉粥样硬化进展。目前临床用于防治动脉粥样硬化的药物也表现出调控巨噬细胞极化的潜力。因此进一步探索并总结调控巨噬细胞极化在动脉粥样硬化病理过程中的分子机制及有效靶点是深入研究防治动脉粥样硬化有效措施的潜在方向。

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	彭超杰　　吴林柯　　吴鸿

关键词 ：动脉粥样硬化, 巨噬细胞极化, 巨噬细胞表型, M1型巨噬细胞, M2型巨噬细胞

Abstract：Macrophages are one of the important immune cells in the development of atherosclerosis, and their phenotype and function play an important role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. M1-type macrophages, by destroying their mitochondrial function, promote glycolysis and the release of reactive oxygen species, interfere with the balance of lipid metabolism of macrophages, maintain and expand the inflammatory response, and reduce the ability of macrophages to eliminate phagocytic necrotic cells. Accelerate the formation of necrotic cores and the occurrence of unstable plaque rupture. M2 type macrophages can maintain the normal respiratory function of mitochondria, promote oxidative phosphorylation metabolism, enhance intracellular lipid outflow, reduce inflammatory reaction, repair damaged tissues, clean necrotic cells, maintain plaque stability, and inhibit the progression of atherosclerosis. At present, the drugs used to prevent and treat atherosclerosis also show the potential to regulate the polarization of macrophages. Therefore, to further explore and summarize the molecular mechanism and effective target of regulating macrophage polarization in the pathological process of atherosclerosis is the potential direction of in-depth research on effective measures to prevent and treat atherosclerosis.

Key words： Atherosclerosis Macrophage polarization Macrophage phenotype M1-type macrophages M2-type macrophages

基金资助:国家自然科学基金面上项目（81673800）。

通讯作者: 吴鸿（1974.12-），男，医学博士，主任医师，教授，博士生导师；研究方向：中医药防治心血管病。

作者简介: 彭超杰（1996.3-），女，河南中医药大学第二临床医学院2020级中医内科学专业在读硕士研究生；研究方向：中医药防治心血管疾病。

引用本文:

彭超杰　　吴林柯　　吴鸿. 巨噬细胞极化在动脉粥样硬化病理过程中分子机制的研究进展[J]. 中国医药导报, 2023, 20(26): 43-46,50.
PENG Chaojie WU Linke WU Hong. Research progress on molecular mechanism of macrophage polarization in atherosclerosis. 中国医药导报, 2023, 20(26): 43-46,50.

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