基于结构方程模型的护士安宁疗护认知能力及水平的影响因素分析

doi:10.20047/j.issn1673-7210.2023.02.09

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摘要目的应用结构方程模型分析护士安宁疗护认知能力和态度的影响因素。方法通过问卷调查获取安徽医科大学第一附属医院高新区2020年1月至2021年1月952名在职护士一般资料和安宁疗护相关知识及临终关怀态度量表得分，应用结构方程模型分析其影响因素。结果本调查回收有效问卷695份，有效回收率为73%。护士安宁疗护认知能力及水平得分为（12.65±2.81）分，正确率为60.7%；护士照顾临终患者态度的总分为（105.49±9.24）分，正向态度的人数占80.40%。单因素分析结果显示，不同年龄、工作年限、职称、科室之间的临床护士安宁疗护认知能力及水平得分比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。不同年龄、工作年限、职称、科室临床护士安宁疗护态度得分比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。Pearson相关性分析显示，护士安宁疗护态度得分与认知能力及水平呈正相关（P＜0.05）。构建结构方程模型各拟合值均在可接受范围以内，阅历因子对护士安宁疗护认知和态度影响最大总效应为15.70，其中直接效应为15.48，通过影响工作因子产生间接效应0.22；其次为家庭因子（4.67）、工作因子（0.86）。结论护士安宁疗护认知和态度还有待提高，阅历因子与家庭因子对其影响较大，后期提高安宁疗护知识水平和态度可采取有针对性的培训，为制订有效的安宁疗护措施提供依据。

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	胡玉洁1 潘玉芹1▲ 杜华2

关键词 ：安宁疗护认知和态度, 护士, 影响因素, 结构方程模型

Abstract：Objective To analyze the factors affecting cognitive ability and attitude of nurses in hospice care by using structural equation model. Methods General information, hospice care knowledge and hospice care attitude scale scores of 952 in-service nurses from the High-tech Zone of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2020 to January 2021 were obtained through questionnaire survey, and the influencing factors were analyzed by structural equation model. Results In this survey, 695 valid questionnaires were collected, with effective recovery of 73%. The average score of cognitive ability and level of hospice care was (12.65±2.81) points, and the average accuracy was 60.7%. The total score of nurses’ attitude towards taking care of terminal patients was (105.49±9.24), and 80.40% of them had a positive attitude. Univariate analysis showed that clinical nurses with different ages, working years, professional titles, and departments had statistically significant differences in cognitive ability and level scores of hospice care (P＜0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the scores of hospice care attitude of clinical nurses in different ages, working years, professional titles, and departments (P＜0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that hospice care attitude score was positively correlated with cognitive ability and level of nurses (P＜0.05). All fitting values of the structural equation model were within the acceptable range. The maximum total effect of experience factor on cognition and attitude of nurses in hospice care was 15.70, of which the direct effect was 15.48, and the indirect effect was 0.22 by influencing work factor. It was followed by family factor (4.67) and work factor (0.86). Conclusion Nurses’ cognition and attitude of hospice care need to be improved, and experience factors and family factors have a great influence on them. Targeted training can be adopted to improve the knowledge level and attitude of hospice care in the later stage, so as to provide a basis for the formulation of effective hospice care measures.

Key words： Palliative care cognition and attitude Nurse Influencing factors Structural equation model

基金资助:安徽省教育厅教学质量工程项目（2020jyxm0924）。

通讯作者: ▲通讯作者

作者简介: 胡玉洁（1992.11-），女，硕士；研究方向：肿瘤护理及护理管理。

引用本文:

胡玉洁1 潘玉芹1▲ 杜华2. 基于结构方程模型的护士安宁疗护认知能力及水平的影响因素分析[J]. 中国医药导报, 2023, 20(2): 43-47.
HU Yujie1 PAN Yuqin1▲ DU Hua2. Analysis of influencing factors of cognitive ability and level of hospice care in nurses based on structural equation model. 中国医药导报, 2023, 20(2): 43-47.

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