月桂酸钠诱导建立三种冠状动脉微循环障碍大鼠模型的比较

doi:10.20047/j.issn1673-7210.2022.25.04

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摘要目的比较利用月桂酸钠诱导建立的3种SD大鼠冠状动脉微循环障碍模型，评价出较优方案。方法 50只6~8周龄雄性SD大鼠使用随机数字表法分为空白组、假手术组和模型组1~3，每组10只。空白组未行任何干预；模型组1采用扩张肋间后挤出心脏+心尖注入月桂酸钠（1 mg/kg）1次，模型组2采用扩张肋间后挤出心脏+心尖注入月桂酸钠（1 mg/kg）2次，模型组3采用扩张肋间后挤出心脏+夹闭主动脉根部+心尖注入月桂酸钠（1 mg/kg）1次；假手术组操作同模型组2，注入等量生理盐水。造模后持续饲养并于72 h后采用超声心动图评价心功能，HE、Heidenhain和Carstairs染色观察心肌组织病理变化。结果手术大鼠死亡率为17.5%（7/40）。假手术组与空白组左室射血分数（LVEF）比较，差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05）。与假手术组比较，模型组1~3 LVEF均降低（P ＜ 0.05）；与模型组2比较，模型组1、3 LVEF升高（P ＜ 0.05）。HE染色显示，模型组1~3均出现心肌细胞溶解、断裂及炎症细胞浸润，可见不同程度的冠状动脉微血管内血栓形成。Heidenhain染色显示，模型组1~3心肌纤维中均可见不同程度的点状、片状及团块状黑染缺血灶。Carstairs染色显示，模型组1~3冠状动脉微血管中均可见血小板与纤维蛋白重叠的紫色血栓。结论三种造模方法均可建立冠状动脉微循环障碍模型，其中以扩张肋间后挤出心脏+心尖注入月桂酸钠（1 mg/kg）2次的方法建立动物模型更稳定可靠。

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	朱瑾娴范雅雯龚胜兰庄园妃刘春贵唐新征

关键词 ： SD大鼠, 动物模型, 冠脉微循环障碍, 造模方法, 月桂酸钠

Abstract：Objective To evaluate the optimal scheme of three coronary microcirculation dysfunction models in SD rats induced by sodium laurate. Methods A total of 50 male SD rats aged 6-8 weeks were divided into blank group, sham operation group, and model group 1-3 by random number table method, with ten rats in each group. The blank group did not receive any intervention; in model group 1, the heart was extruded after intercostal expansion and sodium laurate (1 mg/kg) was injected into the apex of the heart once; in model group 2, the heart was extruded after intercostal expansion and sodium laurate (1 mg/kg) was injected into the apex of the heart twice; in model group 3, the heart was extruded after intercostal expansion, the aortic root was clipped and the apex of the heart was injected with sodium laurate (1 mg/kg) once; the sham operation group performed the same operation as model group 2, but the same amount of normal saline was injected. Echocardiogram was used to evaluate cardiac function after 72 h of continuous feeding. The pathological changes of myocardial tissue were observed by HE staining, Heidenhain staining, and Carstairs staining. Results The mortality rate of operational rats was 17.5% (7/40). There was no significant difference in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between sham operation group and blank group (P > 0.05). Compared with the sham operation group, the LVEF of the model group 1-3 was decreased (P < 0.05); compared with model group 2, LVEF in model group 1 and 3 was increased (P < 0.05). HE staining showed that myocardial cell lysis, rupture, and inflammatory cell infiltration, coronary microvascular thrombosis in different degrees were observed in model group 1-3. Heidenhain staining showed that different degrees of dot, sheet, and mass black staining could be seen in the myocardial fibers of model group 1-3. Carstairs staining showed that purple thrombus which consists of overlapping platelets and fibrin could be seen in the coronary microvascular of model group 1-3. Conclusion Three modeling methods can establish the model of coronary microvascular dysfunction, and the model established by squeezed out the heart after expanding the intercostal space and injecting sodium laurate (1 mg/kg) into the apex twice is more stable and reliable.

Key words： SD rats Animal model Coronary microvascular dysfunction Modeling method Sodium laurate

基金资助:广东省中医药局科研项目（20181232）。

通讯作者: 唐新征（1979.5-），硕士，副主任医师；研究方向：中西医结合治疗心血管疾病。

作者简介: 朱瑾娴（1997.8-），女，广州中医药大学第六临床医学院2019级中医内科学专业在读硕士研究生；研究方向：中西医结合治疗心血管疾病。

引用本文:

朱瑾娴范雅雯龚胜兰庄园妃刘春贵唐新征. 月桂酸钠诱导建立三种冠状动脉微循环障碍大鼠模型的比较[J]. 中国医药导报, 2022, 19(25): 19-23.
ZHU Jinxian FAN Yawen GONG Shenglan ZHUANG Yuanfei LIU Chungui TANG Xinzheng. Comparison of three rat models of coronary microvascular dysfunction induced by sodium laurate. 中国医药导报, 2022, 19(25): 19-23.

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