ICU护士职业性肌肉骨骼疾患与护士执业环境的相关性分析

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摘要目的了解重症监护病房（ICU）护士职业性肌肉骨骼疾患（WMSDs）现状，并分析其与护士执业环境的关系。方法采用随机整群抽样方法，于2021年1月至3月采用一般人口学调查表、中国肌肉骨骼疾患调查表、护士执业环境调查表对新疆医科大学第一附属医院ICU护士进行问卷调查。结果本研究共发放问卷170份，回收合格问卷158份，有效回收率为92.94%。2021年中，ICU护士WMSDs的年患病率为72.78%，共115例。其中，腰部、颈部、肩部患病率居于前3位，分别为53.16%、43.04%和41.14%。ICU护士执业环境的总体评价得分为（73.86±23.17）分。WMSDs组医院管理参与度、临床护理专业性、领导与沟通、质量管理、内部支持、专业提升、社会地位得分低于非WMSDs组，差异有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）；两组医护合作、人力配备、薪酬待遇得分比较，差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05）。Pearson相关性分析结果显示，ICU护士WMSDs的发生与医院管理参与度（r = -0.167）、临床护理专业性（r = -0.183）、领导与沟通（r = -0.181）、质量管理（r = -0.196）、内部支持（r = -0.162）、专业提升（r = -0.181）及社会地位（r = -0.215）呈负相关（P ＜ 0.05）。结论 ICU护士WMSDs发生率较高，护士执业环境可能对WMSDs的发生产生综合影响，需要进一步调查其影响机制。

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	郑双峰1 蒋昕2 雷雯2 车雅洁2 李映兰2 颜萍2

关键词 ：职业性肌肉骨骼疾患, 重症监护室, 护士, 护士执业环境

Abstract：Objective To understand the current status of work-related musculoskeletal diseases (WMSDs) among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses and to analyze their relationship with the nurse practice environment. Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among ICU nurses in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January to March 2021 by using a general demographic questionnaire, a Chinese musculoskeletal disorder questionnaire, and a nurse practice environment questionnaire. Results A total of 170 questionnaires were distributed in this study, and 158 qualified questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 92.94%. In 2021, the annual prevalence of WMSDs among ICU nurses was 72.78%, with a total of 115 cases. Among them, the prevalence rates of waist, neck, and shoulder were ranked the top three, which were 53.16%, 43.04%, and 41.14%, respectively. The scores of hospital management participation, clinical nursing professionalism, leadership and communication, quality management, internal support, professional improvement, and social status in the WMSDs group were lower than those in the non-WMSDs group, with statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05); there were no statistically significant differences in the scores of cooperation, manpower allocation, and remuneration (P ＞ 0.05). The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the occurrence of WMSDs among ICU nurses was related to hospital management participation (r = -0.167), clinical nursing professionalism (r = -0.183), leadership and communication (r = -0.181), quality management (r = -0.196), internal support (r = -0.162), professional advancement (r = -0.181), and social status (r = -0.215) were negatively correlated (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion The incidence of WMSDs in ICU nurses is high, and the nurse practice environment may have a comprehensive impact on the occurrence of WMSDs, and further investigation is needed to investigate the mechanism of how it affects WMSDs.

Key words： Work-related musculoskeletal disorders Intensive care unit Nurse Nurse practice environment

基金资助:中国卫生人才培养项目护理研究子项目（2019-HLYJ-017）。

通讯作者: 颜萍（1976.6-），女，主任护师，教授；研究方向：护理教育、护理管理。

引用本文:

郑双峰1 蒋昕2 雷雯2 车雅洁2 李映兰2 颜萍2. ICU护士职业性肌肉骨骼疾患与护士执业环境的相关性分析[J]. 中国医药导报, 2022, 19(18): 59-62.
ZHENG Shuangfeng1 JIANG Xin2 LEI Wen2 CHE Yajie2 LI Yinglan2 YAN Ping2. Correlation analysis between occupational musculoskeletal disorders of ICU nurses and nurses’ practice environment. 中国医药导报, 2022, 19(18): 59-62.

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https://www.yiyaodaobao.com.cn/CN/ 或 https://www.yiyaodaobao.com.cn/CN/Y2022/V19/I18/59

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