Abstract：Objective To investigate the protective effect of huperzine A (HupA) on septic encephalopathy in rats and the effect of autophagy. Methods A total of 60 Wistar rats were divided into three groups according to the random number table method: sham operation group (no cecal ligation and no cecal puncture), model group (modeled by cecal ligation perforation [CLP]) and treatment group (HupA+CLP), with 20 rats in each group. Biological signal recorder was used to monitor the vital signs (mean arterial pressure [MAP], heart rate [HR]) of rats 12 h after surgery. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of rat hippocampal tissue. The number of LC3 positive cells in hippocampal tissues of rats was observed by immunofluorescence. The expression of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB) and autophagy-related proteins (LC3, Beclin1, LAMP-1, and Rab7) in hippocampus were detected by Western blot. Results The MAP of model group was lower than that of sham operation group, and the HR was higher than that of sham operation group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The MAP of the treatment group was higher than that of the model group, the HR was lower than that of the model group, and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Hippocampal neurons in sham operation group and treatment group were basically normal, while hippocampal cells in model group were disordered with unclear structure and acute traumatic changes of neurons. The number of LC3 positive cells in the treatment group was higher than that in the model group, the difference was the difference were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). The expression levels of Beclin1, LAMP-1, and Rab7 in the model group were lower than those in the sham operation group, the expression levels of NF-κB and LC3 were higher than those in the sham operation group, and the expression levels of Beclin1, Rab7, and LAMP-1 in the treatment group were higher than those in the model group, the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion HupA inhibited NF-κB signaling pathway and promoted autophagy in hippocampus of sepsis rats, showing neuroprotective effects.
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