Analysis of potential categories and influencing factors of hopelessness among rural empty-nest elderly#br#
WEI Lanzhi1 LUO Caifeng1 YANG Zhengxia2 LI Shanshan3
1.School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhejiang Province, Zhenjiang 212000, China;
2.Department of Nursing, Yijishan Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Anhui Province, Wuhu 241001, China;
3.School of Medicine, Fuyang Normal University, Anhui Province, Fuyang 236037, China
Abstract：Objective To explore the potential categories of the sense of hopelessness among the rural empty-nest elderly, and to analyze the differences in the characteristics of each category of rural empty-nest elderly. Methods From January to May 2021, a total of 400 empty-nest elderly people from 35 administrative villages in towns and towns under the jurisdiction of a city in Anhui Province were randomly clustered as the research objects, and the general data questionnaire and Beck hopelessness scale were used for investigation. Results The score of hopelessness among the rural empty-nest elderly was (8.60±3.86) points, and 51.7% of the elderly had a moderate to high degree of hopelessness. Hopelessness has three categories: high hopelessness-high motivation loss group (12%), moderate hopelessness-high negative anticipation group (61%), and low hopelessness group (27%). Compared with different marital status, monthly income, frequency of visiting children, frequency of going out for physical exercise, medical insurance, and sleep quality, and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Married and widowed (OR = 3.796), monthly income ≤ 1000 yuan (OR = 4.276), and never going out for physical exercise (OR = 3.390) were risk factors for the high incidence of hopelessness among the rural empty-nest elderly (P ＜ 0.05); better sleep quality and new rural cooperative medical care were the protective factors for the high incidence of hopelessness (OR = 0.038, 0.116, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion The sense of hopelessness among the empty-nest elderly in rural areas has obvious classification characteristics, suggesting that it is necessary to find precise intervention targets from the perspective of active aging to alleviate the sense of hopelessness.
魏兰芝1 罗彩凤1 杨正霞2 李山山3. 农村空巢老人无望感的潜在类别及影响因素分析[J]. 中国医药导报, 2022, 19(11): 52-56.
WEI Lanzhi1 LUO Caifeng1 YANG Zhengxia2 LI Shanshan3. Analysis of potential categories and influencing factors of hopelessness among rural empty-nest elderly#br#. 中国医药导报, 2022, 19(11): 52-56.
[1] 宁吉喆.第七次全国人口普查主要数据情况[N].中国信息报，2021-05-12（001）.
[2] 张戈，罗暄.农村空巢老人代际经济支持状况及影响因素——以湖南省石门县为例[J].财经理论与实践，2020， 41（4）：101-105.
[3] 孙文中，刁鹏飞.生命历程与累积劣势：农村老年贫困人口的健康风险研究[J].学术探索，2018（12）：62-68.
[4] 程澹澹，孙建萍，杨支兰，等.基于无望自尊理论的护理干预对养老机构老年人抑郁的影响[J].护理学杂志，2019， 34（8）：4-6.
[5] 孙铃，宁彩芳，黄四林，等.大学毕业生目标自主性与无望感：社会支持与性别的作用[J].心理发展与教育，2015， 31（4）：451-458.
[6] 杨舒，荆涛.我国西北欠发达地区农村创新型养老模式研究[J].老龄科学研究，2019，7（12）：63-77.
[7] van Hees SGM，van den Borne BHP，Menting J，et al. Patterns of social participation among older adults with disabilities and the relationship with well-being：A latent class analysis [J]. Arch Gerontol Geriatr，2020，86：103933.
[8] 宁凌，张静，曹阳春.农村空巢老人社会适应现状——基于安徽省太湖县的实证研究[J].中国老年学杂志，2020， 40（2）：425-428.
[9] Beck AT，Weissman A，Lester D，et al. The measurement of pessimism：the hopelessness scale [J]. J Consult Clin Psychol， 1974，42（6）：861-865.
[10] 辛自强，马君雪，耿柳娜.青少年无望感与生活事件、控制信念和社会支持的关系[J].心理发展与教育，2006（3）：41-46.
[11] 王全兰，李惠萍，胡少华，等.癌症患者心理韧性潜在类别与主观幸福感的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志，2020， 28（11）：1617-1623.
[12] Nylund KL，Asparouhov T，Muthén BO. Deciding on the Number of Classes in Latent Class Analysis and Growth Mixture Modeling：A Monte Carlo Simulation Study [J]. Struct Equ Modeling，2007，14（4）：535-569.
[13] 杨蓓，王庆天，张兰，等.新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下妇科恶性肿瘤患者心理应激反应的潜在类别分析[J].护理学报，2020，27（17）：61-66.
[14] Dang Q，Zhang B，Nunez A. Factors Associated with Hopelessness and the Role of Social Networks Among Chinese Older Adults [J]. Arch Gerontol Geriatr，2021， 92：104261.
[15] 徐凤麟，孙建萍，吴红霞，等.太原市养老机构老年人述情障碍现状及影响因素分析[J].中华护理杂志，2018， 53（8）：990-995.
[16] Wang LN，Tao H，Wang M，et al. Efficacy of path-oriented psychological self-help interventions to improve mental health of empty-nest older adults in the Community of China [J]. BMC Psychiatry，2019，19（1）：365.
[17] Wang X，Zheng L，Li L，et al. Actor or recipient role matters：Neural correlates of self-serving bias [J]. Brain Behav，2021，11（3）：e02013.
[18] 汤磊.亲子支持、自理能力对老年人心理健康的影响研究[D].合肥：合肥工业大学，2019.
[19] 孙金明.子女代际支持行为对老年人自我老化态度的影响——基于2014年中国老年社会追踪调查数据的分析[J].人口与发展，2017，23（4）：86-95.
[20] 蓝玳琪.内疚、羞耻情绪对不同奉献感大学生亲社会行为的影响[D].上海：上海师范大学，2020.
[21] 张晏芳.空巢老人自我忽视及其影响因素研究[D].昆明：云南师范大学，2017.
[22] 张海宇.老年抑郁症患者社会关系现状及特征研究[D].北京：北京协和医学院，2019.
[23] 张冬儿，李忠，唐文熙，等.中西部农村两县高血压和2型糖尿病患者健康相关生命质量状况及其影响因素[J].医学与社会，2021，34（5）：10-14.
[24] 钟清玲，喻思思.社区老年人社会参与水平及其影响因素的研究进展[J].中国护理管理，2018，18（9）：1293-1296.
[25] Fekih-Romdhane F，Achouri L，Hakiri A，et al. Hopelessness is associated with poor sleep quality after breast cancer surgery among Tunisian women [J]. Curr Probl Cancer，2020，44（1）：100504.
[26] 贯雨菲，李长乐，孙静.医疗保险对中国西部少数民族地区老年人健康的影响[J].中国老年学杂志，2021，41（5）：1100-1103.
[27] 魏秀玲.医疗保险对老年人医疗支出与健康的影响[J].纳税，2018，12（27）：179.
[28] 王成勇，吴远鸿，何光辉."新农合，新农保"对农村老人幸福感的提升效应研究[J].东北师大学报：哲学社会科学版，2019（6）：8.
京公网安备 11010502046598号