Abstract：Objective To investigate and analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of myopia in primary and secondary school students in compulsory education, and to formulate corresponding preventive measures. Methods From January 2017 to January 2020, a total of 3000 primary and middle school students in a community in Xi’an were selected as the research objects. The basic data of primary and middle school students were collected by community census, the prevalence rate of myopia in primary and middle school students were counted. The students were divided into groups based on whether the students had myopia or not, and the factors affecting myopia were analyzed. Results The prevalence of myopia among 3000 elementary and middle school students was 44.13%. The prevalence of myopia in elementary school students was 14.27%, and that of junior high school students was 29.86%. The proportion of myopia group age ≥12 years old, parents with the same medical history, assignment of homework more than 80 min, mobile phone TV time more than 2 h, partial eclipse, reading and lying down position, daily exercise time less than 1 h were significantly higher than those in the normal vision group, and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). The amount of homework assigned (OR = 2.046), time spent watching mobile TV (OR = 2.380), reading posture (OR = 2.361), daily exercise time (OR = 2.115) were independent risk factors affecting myopia in primary and middle school students (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion The occurrence of myopia in elementary and middle school students is closely related to age, whether their parents had the same medical history, the amount of homework assigned, the time spent on mobile phones and TV, whether they are partial eclipse, the posture of reading books, and the time of daily exercise. In this regard, preventive intervention measures should be combined with the above factors to reduce the prevalence of myopia in primary and secondary school students.
王晓婕 李静▲. 义务教育中小学生近视眼患病率调查和影响因素分析[J]. 中国医药导报, 2021, 18(12): 86-89.
WANG Xiaojie LI Jing▲. Investigation on the prevalence of myopia and analysis of influencing factors among primary and middle school students in compulsory education. 中国医药导报, 2021, 18(12): 86-89.
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