Abstract：Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture on the functional changes of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) in anxious rat model. Methods Seventy-two SPF female SD rats of four to eight weeks were used to establish a single prolonged stress anxiety model. They were divided into six groups, each with 12 rats. Control group (normal feeding without treatment); model group (anxiety model established by a single prolonged stress method); sham electroacupuncture group (acupuncture superficially near the acupoints, leaving the needle without electricity); electroacupuncture group (acupuncture Baihui, Shen Men, Neiguan, Yintang, 2 Hz, 1 mA, lasting 15 min); AM251 (calculate the dose according to 1 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneal injection 30 min before acupuncture) + electro-acupuncture group (the same points as electroacupuncture group); AM251+sham electroacupuncture group (same method as sham electroacupuncture group) were included. The behavioral testing was conducted, while glucocorticoid (GC), corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), corticotropin (ACTH), cortisol (CORT) content were detected by enzyme linimmunosorbent assay. Results Compared with the control group, the model group had longer exercise time in the marginal area and shorter open arm stay time, and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Compared with the model group, in the electroacupuncture group, the movement time of the marginal area was shortened, while the open arm stay time was significantly longer (P ＜ 0.05). Compared with the electro-acupuncture group, the sham electro-acupuncture group and AM251+ electro-acupuncture group were increased the movement time of the marginal area and shortened the staying time of the open arm, and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05). Compared with the control group, the release of serum ACTH, CORT, CRH, and GC proteins in the model group were increased significantly, and the differences were highly statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01). Compared with the model group, the electroacupuncture group could significantly inhibit the expression of the above-mentioned proteins in the serum, and the differences were highly statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01). Compared with the electroacupuncture group, the release of serum ACTH, CORT, CRH, and GC proteins in the sham electroacupuncture group and AM251+ electroacupuncture group were increased significantly, and the differences were highly statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion Electroacupuncture can effectively alleviate the anxiety of rats with single prolonged stress. Electroacupuncture down-regulates the effect of HPA axis on ACTH, CORT and CRH, GC protein by regulating CB1 receptor, thereby reducing anxiety.
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