Abstract:Objective To study the effect of preoperative T lymphocyte level on postoperative spinal infection and serum proinflammatory cytokines after spinal surgery. Methods From January 2017 to June 2018, 119 patients who underwent spinal surgery in Wuhan Fourth Hospital of Hubei Province were selected for the study, patients with CD3+<50% were set as the observation group (60 cases), and patients with CD3+≥50% were set as the control group (59 cases). The operation conditions, the changes of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels before and after surgery, gastrointestinal function and postoperative infection were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in operation time between the two groups (P > 0.05). The amount of bleeding in the observation group was more than that in the control group, and the length of hospitalization was longer than the control group (P < 0.05). Before operation, the levels of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-1β in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After operation, the levels of serum inflammatory factors in the two groups were significantly increased, and the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After operation, the disappearance of bowel sounds, anal exhaust, defecation, diet recovery and abdominal distension relief time in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After operation, the total incidence of infection in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Postoperative infection in patients with spinal surgery is directly related to the preoperative T lymphocyte level, and patients with low preoperative T lymphocyte level have a high postoperative infection rate. The T lymphocyte level of patients should be monitored and improved clinically.