Abstract：Objective To observe the expression of inflammatory cytokines in bronchial asthma mice, and to explore the effect of Azithromycin on the expression of pulmonary inflammation and inflammatory cytokines. Methods According to random number table, 32 female BALB/c mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into four groups: group A, normal saline control group; group B, asthma group; group C, Azithromycin intervention group; group D, Dexamethasone intervention group, with 8 mice in each group. Mice in group B, C and D were intraperitoneally injected with ovalbumin (OVA) 25 μg (OH)3 1 mg at 0, 7, 14 days, respectively. After sensitization for 1 week, 2% OVA solution was nebulized and inhaled. Group A was sensitized and stimulated with normal saline instead of OVA for 6 days. In group C, Azithromycin (0.4 mg/mL) was injected subcutaneously 1 hour after atomization inhalation at day 14 consecutively for 7 days. In group D, 2 mg/kg of Dexamethasone Sodium phosphate was injected subcutaneously 1 hour after atomization inhalation at day 14 consecutively for 7 days. The pathological manifestations of lung tissues in each group were observed 24 hours after stimulation, and the left bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected, and the percentage of interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), eosinophilic granulocytes (EOS) and white blood cell count were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Mice in group B, C and D were successfully modeled and presented asthma attack symptoms and pathological manifestations of airway inflammation. Compared with group A, the total number of white blood cells, percentage of EOS, IL-8 and TNF-α contents in BALF of mice in group B were significantly increased, with statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.01). Compared with group B, the total number of white blood cells, percentage of EOS, IL-8 and TNF-α contents in BALF of group C and group D were significantly reduced, with statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in the indicators between group C and D (P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion Azithromycin can inhibit the expression of IL-8 and TNF-α, inhibit the production of Th2 cytokines, and relieve airway inflammation.
2019, Vol. 16 
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